Grand Bazaar of Kerman

Grand Bazaar of Kerman (Photos, History, Architecture)

A traditional bazaar established more than 600 years ago in the cultural city of Kerman, the historical Kerman Grand Bazaar is one of the national works of Iran and one of the top sightseeing locations of Kerman Province. The Kerman bazaar was built and redeveloped by several Persian rulers; thus, this place holds the unique specialty of each period. Some of the earmarks of the Grand Bazaar of Kerman have made this traditional location stand out among the best Iran bazaars and the world.

The Grand Bazaar of Kerman is a perfect place to purchase traditional souvenirs and tour inside the middle-eastern halls of the bazaar.

About The Grand Bazaar of Kerman

One of the largest provinces of Iran is Kerman, which is located in the heart of the desert in the southeast of the country. The province has seven thousand historical attractions, and 700 works are included in the list of national monuments in Iran. Because of the existence of a large number of attractions in Kerman, this province has been named the fifth historical city of Iran.

The Grand Bazaar of Kerman, also known as Ganjali Khan Bazaar, was inscribed as a national heritage work on 25 May 2001. The bazaar has been active throughout many historical periods. Its architectural style is rich and valuable, with sacred geometry principles used in every corner of the structure. The Grand Bazaar of Kerman is seen as the largest and longest market in Iran and has been the hub for trade, export, and import of the province for a long time.

Ganjali Khan Bazaar

Ganjali Khan Bazaar

Because the bazaar complex was built on the Silk Road (a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century), it played a big role in the economic growth of Kerman. Clothes, copper utensils, and all kinds of handicrafts made in Kerman were exported to China and India. In contrast, spices and clothes from abroad were imported into this bazaar.

Ganjali Khan Bazaar

Kerman Grand Bazaar includes different halls and markets. Interestingly, the buildings connected inside the bazaar make up 60% of Kerman’s historical monuments. In each of these markets, you will find several buildings, such as mosques and old bathhouses.

Walking around the Kerman Bazaar Complex and visiting the antique shops glowing in a multitude of colors, from spices and sweets to carpets and traditional utensils, will entice you. The Mesgari market, where the copper utensils are crafted, reflects a long history and common tradition in the Bazaar of Kerman, while the Mozaffari market offers the locals their daily purchases.

The bazaar not only provides high-quality goods and souvenirs for purchase, it also serves as an archeological site. For instance, the tallest windmill located inside the bazaar is a very popular attraction.

The Grand Bazaar of Kerman History

During the reign of Shah Abbas of the Safavid Period, Ganjali Khan ruled the city of Kerman for 30 years. This brought forth many historical buildings seen in Kerman built by his order. For this reason, the Grand Bazaar of Kerman is also called Ganjali Khan Bazaar.

The traditional bazaar of Kerman, along with the entire Ganjali Khan complex, is about 11,000 square meters, and the whole complex was built by a famous Kerman architect named Mohammad Yazdi. The architect was originally from Isfahan, which is why the architectural style of Kerman Bazaar is constructed in the style of Isfahani buildings.

In the beginning, the bazaar was not very large, and gradually, the businesses expanded in the markets, and the retailers of the bazaar decided to expand the markets in line with the formation of the city. Because of this, the Grand Bazaar of Kerman starts right from Arg Square and leads to Mushtaqiye Square.

Kerman Grand Bazaar Architecture

Kerman Grand Bazaar Architecture

In the past, the Ganjali Khan complex, along with its bazaar, were separated from each other, but with the expansion of the city, these complexes were eventually connected together.

The Grand Bazaar of Kerman Architecture

The structure of Kerman’s traditional market is made up of elements or sections, including the Sera, which is the main and secondary streets or crossings, Timcheh meaning an area in the bazaar with a domed ceiling and a pond in the center surrounded by shops, and Chaharsuq meaning intersection.

Sera, or the main and secondary streets, is a long route in the market, where on both sides, various stores and shops are found, each offering distinguished goods.

When you step into the bazaar, you come across a central courtyard surrounded by traditional stores. If you take a look at the Grand Bazaar of Kerman photos, you will see that in the Grand Bazaar are halls with ceilings dedicated to the exchange of special goods.

These halls and spaces are known as Timcheh and are decorated with unique Persian ornamentations. The Chaharsuq, or the intersection of the two main streets of the market, also boasts a stunning atmosphere bearing the Iranian architecture, which will put you in awe.

The main aspect of The Grand Bazaar of Kerman’s architecture is viewed in its simplicity. The characteristics of its architecture are the repeating formations of the arches in large and small dimensions with regular shapes and symmetry, decorated with blue tiles in some areas.

Oil paintings can still be seen in parts of the ceiling of the bazaar. The exterior part of the bazaar does not have sophisticated works, except for structures such as old Persian wind turbines, mosques, and caravanserais, which also bear a symbolic appearance.

Before the construction of the main building fabric of the bazaar, the row of domes was like the spinal column of the city from the top view. The bazaar was in harmony with the colors of the desert, and only minarets and windmills were spotted from a distance.

Grand Bazaar of Kerman Architecture

Grand Bazaar of Kerman Photos

In addition to being a covered space inside the Grand Bazaar, the traditional shops of Kerman are built in a condensed fashion to have the most shaded area and the least absorption of the sun’s blazing desert heat.

The outside layer on the outer body of the structure acts as an insulator and reflects the radiant heat. The ceiling of the Grand Bazaar is very high, which causes a pleasant airflow inside the halls and Timcheh. Also, the vents of the vaults help with air conditioning and light supply. In some buildings, wind deflectors have been used for air conditioning.

Grand Bazaar of Kerman Opening Hours

The historic Kerman Bazaar complex is open every day from 9:00 AM to 9:30 PM., except on Fridays and public holidays.

Available Amenities in the Kerman Bazaar

  • Washrooms
  • Residence
  • Restaurants
  • Access to the Internet

Final Word

Kerman, like any other big city in Iran, has a traditional Grand Bazaar located in the heart of the city and is one of the busiest parts of the city. The architectural elements used in the Grand Bazaar of Kerman make it unique worldwide. Kerman market is the longest market in Iran! It seems like it never ends!

From sweets and local breads to organic and natural products such as vegetables and pistachios, you can find anything in the Kerman Bazaar Complex. This place is very historical, and its lively atmosphere is worth visiting. In addition, don’t forget to buy Kerman handicrafts such as traditional shoes and carpets, and above all, Kerman’s famous cumin.

No matter how much we describe the magnificence and beauty and details of the amazing architecture of this market, it is still not enough unless you explore Kerman Grand Bazaar yourself. What has made this bazaar in Iran world famous is that despite the passage of time, it still has maintained its old structure.

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Illuminated manuscript

Read All About Persian Illuminated Manuscript

Illumination Manuscript, known as “Tazhib” in Persian, is a famous art in Iran. It has been used for many years to decorate buildings, books, works of art, and various objects. The fine details of this art have made it popular in industries such as printing and packaging. Some people think illumination is part of Persian miniature painting. However, its unique features have made it a separate art form over time. Iran has a long history and many great artists. Many Iranian artworks and handicrafts come from these artists.

If you want to learn about traditional Iranian arts and Illumination, read on. We will talk about the art of illumination, its uses, its different styles, and how it is different from miniature painting.

What is the Art of Illumination Manuscript?

The word “Tazhib” means “gilding” or “covering with gold,” and it comes from the Arabic word (ذَهَب) which means gold. The art of illumination includes designing, coloring, and gilding various motifs with geometric and plant motifs. These decorations are used to beautify the margins of handwritten books. These books include the Quran, religious texts, cultural and historical books, and collections of poetry. Illumination is a branch of Iranian miniature painting. An artist who deals with this art is called a “Mozheb.”

Types of Illumination Manuscript

Illumination is one of the most delicate Iranian arts and is a subset of visual arts. The designs are generally divided into three main patterns:

  1. Islamic Patterns (Naghsh-e Eslami)
  2. Khatayi Patterns (Naghsh-e Khatayi)
  3. Tashir Patterns (Naghsh-e Tashir)
Illumination Art

Art of Illumination

Islamic Patterns

Islamic patterns use geometric and regular shapes for illumination designs. These motifs often include Kufic script and are referred to as Islamic designs.

Khatayi Patterns

Khatayi patterns have interconnected flowers with intertwined stems and leaves. This type of illumination is often seen in the tile work of mosque entrances and historical monuments. Khatayi illumination became popular and reached its peak in the 12th century.

Tashir Patterns

Tashir patterns combine Islamic and Khatayi designs. This style often includes images of birds, animals, humans, and nature. Some designs also have mythical creatures. Tashir is also known as “Royanegari,” with famous designs, including animal fighting scenes. Tashir illumination is usually used in book designs, but animal motifs are not used in Quranic designs.

The dominant color in the Tashir style is gold. Other styles use a variety of colors derived from plants, minerals, and chemicals. Plant-based colors come from natural extracts such as walnut skin, tea, henna, and gum Arabic. Mineral colors are made from gold and other metals like silver, tin, lead, and copper. Different metal oxides create different colors. Chemical colors include oil paints, gouache, and watercolors.

Applications of Illumination Manuscript

Illumination has many branches, each used for different purposes. Some of the most famous uses of this art include:

Margin Illumination

Margin illumination involves the use of decorative patterns to frame pages of books, panels, or photos. This type is often used to decorate the Qurans, poetry collections, and historical books.

Illuminated manuscript persian

Persian Illuminated Manuscript Examples

The designs in margin illumination are very detailed, and the colors are chosen to complement the text or image. This branch is also widely used in the printing industry.

Decorating Calligraphy and Large Panels

In this method, different parts of the panel and spaces between letters and words are decorated to enhance the visual appeal of the calligraphy. It often includes floral, plant, and animal motifs. Many decorative panels are appreciated by art lovers in this category.

Designing Textile Patterns

Illumination artists create various geometric, floral, and animal designs for carpets, rugs, lovers, and other textiles. Wall painting is another application used to beautify traditional and historical spaces.

Tile Design and Restoration of Historical Works

One of the most common uses of illumination is tile design for buildings and restoring historical monuments. Despite advancements in architectural designs and new styles, traditional motifs are still popular in construction.

Printing and Packaging Industry

Different branches of illumination are used in the printing and packaging industry. For example, we can mention postcards and certificates of appreciation. Many shops sell illuminated works, and there are technical schools and vocational training programs that teach different branches of illumination. Many students study these subjects and find work in various market sectors.

Schools of Illumination

The art of illumination has different schools, which are divided according to historical periods. The styles and methods of illumination artists in various historical periods caused changes in their artworks. Each school of illumination is named after the ruling dynasty of its time and includes various sub-branches.

Illuminated manuscript art

Illuminated Manuscript Art

These schools reflect the characteristics and states of the governments and artists of different historical periods. For example, artworks from the 10th century CE are known for their simplicity, while works from the 11th and 12th centuries CE are more cohesive. In the 13th and 14th centuries CE, illumination art became more luxurious and splendid. In the next two centuries, the 15th and 16th centuries CE, the art moved towards simplicity, delicacy, and increased elegance. Each historical period brought its own unique style to the art of illumination, which was influenced by the cultural, political, and social contexts of that time.

The different schools of illumination and their sub-branches are distinguished by diversity in designs, colors, patterns, and the arrangement of lines. For example, the Bukhara sub-branch of the Seljuk school commonly used dark and bold colors. The main schools of illumination are as follows:

Seljuk School

The most important feature of the Seljuk school of illumination is the use of Khatayi patterns instead of geometric lines. This style was widely used in religious books during this period and led to a shift from simple Kufic script to decorative Kufic, Thuluth, and Raqqa scripts.

Ilkhanid School (Tabriz)

During the Ilkhanid period, Tabriz was the capital and the main center for creating artworks in Iran. The kings and ministers of the Ilkhanid dynasty were great patrons of artists and the arts, leading to a flourishing of illumination. This school is also known as the “Tabriz School,” with many notable works remaining from Ilkhanid artists in this city. The Ilkhanid school is characterized by angular designs in illuminated works.

Ilkhanid period’s illumination has diverse star-shaped designs, such as eight-pointed and twelve-pointed stars in blue. The background of works from this period is often lapis lazuli, with large motifs. Manuscripts from the Ilkhanid period were written in broad Kufic script.

Timurid School (Herat and Shiraz)

The Timurid era is considered the peak period for the art of illumination. Sultan Baysunghur, one of the most famous Timurid rulers, had a great passion for illumination, calligraphy, and miniature painting and was skilled in these arts himself. He established a large library in Herat, where many artists began creating their works.

Schools of Illumination

Illuminated Manuscript

Timurid or Harat school illumination is known for its delicate and intricate decorations. Illuminators of this period used motifs of plants, nature, and birds in their designs. The most beautiful examples of Timurid illumination are religious texts and Qurans dedicated to Timurid kings, including Sultan Baysunghur. Gold and lapis lazuli were extensively used, and the Tashir style emerged during this period. The Shiraz, Tabriz, and Khorasan branches are sub-schools of the Timurid school.

Safavid School

During the Safavid period, illumination art remained at its peak. The Safavid school is known for designing the first, middle, and last pages of historical and religious books with Islamic patterns, Shamsa (sunburst), and Toranj (medallion) motifs. Bejeweling, or “Morssa,” was also introduced in Safavid illuminated works. In Arabic, “Morssa” means “decorated with jewels.”

The Safavid school is famous for designing the first, middle, and last pages of historical and religious books with Islamic motifs, Shamseh, and Tanraj. Bejol or Mursa is also introduced in Safavid’s gilded works. Mursa in Arabic means decorated with jewels.

Safavid illumination is characterized by blue backgrounds with prominent gold and silver motifs and the use of green, white, blue, and red inside decorations. Books from this period were written in Nasta’liq script, and some Qurans were decorated with gold.

Qajar School

In the Qajar period, the art of illumination did not have the same splendor as in previous eras, but around 50 exquisite works from this period remain. These artworks are now housed in museums such as Reza Abbasi, Malek, Parliament, and Golestan Palace. Most examples of Qajar illumination are found on the first and last pages of religious books, with some interesting decorations in the middle pages.

Qajar illumination is notable for its use of fine, orderly textures created with a needle in the gilding of artworks, a technique known as “Sanajaqneshan.”

Final Word

The art of illumination, known as Tazhib in Persian, is a beautiful and complex tradition in Iranian culture. This art has evolved during various historical periods, each with its own unique style and characteristics. From the bold designs of the Seljuk school to the delicate and elaborate patterns of the Timurid era and the vibrant and luxurious decorations of the Safavid period, illumination has always reflected the artistic spirit of its time. Though the Qajar period experienced a decline in its grandeur, the legacy of illumination continues to inspire and fascinate art lovers around the world.

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Dome of Soltaniyeh

Soltaniyeh Dome (History, Facts, Photos)

Iran may be a country unknown to many, but this Middle Eastern land is carpeted with countless archeological monuments bearing rich history and culture, which will bewilder any visitor. The Soltaniyeh Dome is one of Iran’s treasured ancient sites situated in the scenic Zanjan province in the northwest of Tehran. Zanjan has always been a captivating place for sightseeing antique relics of Iran with a blend of its pleasant climate and nature. You will find traditional bazaars, mosques, and several old buildings belonging to previous dynasties.

The Soltaniyeh Dome is worth seeing because it is the world’s third tallest dome after the Hagia Sophia and Santa Maria, and it also bears the title of the largest brick building in the world.

About the Soltaniyeh Dome

What is the largest dome in Iran? It certainly is the popular Dome of Soltaniyeh of Zanjan province. This brick monument is Zanjan’s most visited site in Soltaniyeh city, and if you are interested in antiquity, its colossal structure will surely grab your attention. The Soltaniyeh Dome is a precious national heritage of Iran and is marked on the list of Iran UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Soltaniyeh Dome History

In the past, the dome of Soltaniyeh, located in Soltanieh city, was a vast plain and was used for recreation and hunting. During the rule of “Arghun Khan,” the fourth ruler of the Mongol Empire’s Ilkhanate, he ordered the construction of the Soltaniyeh city for his residence. This city was the third capital of the government after Maragheh city, situated in the East Azerbaijan province of Iran and Tabriz city during the Ilkhanid period.

Dome of Soltaniyeh was built as a tomb in the years 1302 to 1312 AD and during the reign of Sultan Mohammad-e Khodabande (known as Öljaitü), the eighth Ilkhanid ruler. This patriarchal ruler followed his father’s religion, which was shamanism. Shamanism is the name of a line of traditional beliefs in some primitive and prehistoric tribes, which still has many followers around the world today.

Dome of soltaniyeh history

Soltaniyeh Dome Photos

After the passing of some years, Oljaitu converted to Christianity following his mother and changed his name to Nicholas (Nicolo). Shortly after his conversion, Oljaitu fell ill and changed his name to “Khodabande” because there was a superstition among Oljaitu paternal tribes (Mongols).

Later, Oljaitu became a Muslim under the influence of one of his wives, Allama Hali, and his minister, Sheikh Fazlullah. After visiting the tombs of Hazrat Ali and his son Imam Hussain, he converted to the Shia Muslim religion and named himself Sultan Mohammad-e Khodabande. He built the Soltaniyeh Mausoleum (Now Dome of Soltaniyeh) to move the burial places of Hazrat Ali and Imam Hussain to this building in Soltaniyeh. However, Sultan Muhammad-e Khodabande did not succeed in doing this due to the opposition of some Shia scholars, and finally, he used the dome of Soltaniyeh as his own tomb.

Rehabilitation of the Soltaniyeh Dome

The Soltaniyeh Dome was restored and renovated by an Italian group in 1967, a project that continued until 1978. It is believed that the restoration process of this monument was one of the most delicate and complex restoration projects. Undoubtedly, the dome of Soltaniyeh ages more than 700 years, a magnificent structure with unique architecture; therefore, it required good maintenance and care.

Dome of Soltaniyeh Architecture

The Dome of Soltaniyeh is seen as one of the most intact ancient buildings in Iran, made by very skilled architects. Its intricate architecture is among the reasons for tourists to journey to this province and sightsee this magnificent structure.

What Type of Architecture Is the Soltaniyeh Dome?

The plan of the dome of Soltaniyeh is rectangular on the ground floor and first floor. The plan of the building on the second and third floors is octagonal. The style of the facade of the building is more compatible with Seljuk architecture (Seljuk Period), and there are signs of using Islamic architecture in the structure of the building, such as the installation of 110 steps in the building (synonymous with the name of Ali in Abjad alphabets).

In addition, the most important principle observed in the architecture of the building, which is the extension of the line of symmetry of the dome of Soltaniyeh, is towards the Qibla, and this also indicates Islamic elements used in the construction of the monument.

Dome of Soltaniyeh Facts

Soltaniyeh Dome Photos

The material used in the main body of the dome of Soltaniyeh and the entire building is brick, and only in the part of the dome is a coating of turquoise and azure tiles in a mosaic style. The mortar used in the building is made with a mixture of plaster and a small amount of lime.

Interestingly, the architecture of the dome of Soltaniyeh inspired Gothic architecture. Filippo Brunelleschi, a famous Italian architect and an engineer of the fifteenth century, and Lorenzo Ghiberti, an Italian sculptor, architect, and writer, gained inspiration and used a similar style from the dome of Soltaniyeh while designing and constructing the dome of the Santa Maria del Fiore church in Italy (about 100 years after the construction of the Soltaniyeh dome).

Some researchers believe that the architecture of the Bastami Complex, which is the tomb of Mahmud Ghazan (the most powerful Ilkhanid ruler), was modeled after the construction of the dome of Soltaniyeh. The building itself is influenced by the design of the Soltan Sanjar Mausoleum (the second Seljukian ruler). Although the plans of those tombs are square, the dome of Soltaniyeh is octagonal.

Architects of the Dome of Soltaniyeh

An architect, Khwaja Rashiduddin Fazlullah Hamdani, designed the Zanjan dome of Soltaniyeh for Mohammad-e Khodabande inspired by the tomb of his brother, Mahmud Ghazan. Some people claim that the architect was Seyyed Ali Shah, while others deny it. But at least what is known is that several thousand workers were used to build this brick building until it was finally finished after six years. It took three years to decorate the building with delicate ornamentations and inscriptions.

How tall is the Soltaniyeh Dome?

The height of the building is 48.5 meters and the diameter of its inner opening is 25.5 meters. The upper part of the building is surrounded by rooms and pavilions.

Soltaniyeh Dome Iran

Soltaniyeh Dome

Inside the Dome of Soltaniyeh (Islamic Ornamentations)

Inscriptions of the Dome of Soltaniyeh are the inscriptions of Quranic verses, which can be seen in different parts of Soltanieh Dome and on all its walls. Among these Quranic decorations, we can see Surah “Fatah” on the ground floor, Surah “Ayat al-Kursi” above the main entrance door to the mausoleum in the eastern part of the building, Surah “Ikhlas” (Tawheed) inside the porch of the first floor, verses from Surahs Al-Anbiya, Al-Momonun and Al-Mulk in the bodies.

Inscriptions with the names of Muhammad and Ali and a logo called “Ittihad,” which means Unity, are on all the walls of the first and second floors. Other inscriptions engraved with six times “Glory be to Allah,” five times the name of Prophet Muhammad, and five times the name of Hazrat Ali, Muhammad Rasulullah can be found inside the monument.

Dome of Soltaniyeh Facts

Looking at the plan of the dome of Soltaniyeh photos, you will notice the Soltaniyeh monument is octagonal. This building also had eight doors, eight porches, and eight minarets. The real reason behind using the number eight in the construction of the building is not known because this number is not considered sacred like numbers seven or twelve.

However, some researchers consider the reason for this was the possibility of creating a sundial. Others believed that the use of the number eight was for strengthening the structure. Some people also believed that the dome of Soltaniyeh was built in an octagonal form because it was inspired by the eight gates of heaven.

Sundial of the Dome of Soltaniyeh

The sundial of the dome of Soltaniyeh helped to determine the time for the religious duties of the city’s residents. In the past and now, for Muslims, knowing the time and performing religious duties and prayers is of high importance. For this reason, during the construction of the dome of Soltaniyeh, a sundial was installed in the skeleton of the building so that the residents of the city could tell the time accurately using the sunlight.

Soltaniyeh Dome Iran

Dome of Soltaniyeh

Soltaniyeh Dome sundial works in such a way that if the light shines through the hole of the main dome, it is the time of Adhan (Islamic call to prayer). The light that shines through the large windows acts as the large hour hand, and the light from the small windows indicates the minutes. At night, the stars seen from these windows helped people to tell the time.

The Mystery of the Cellar in the Dome of Soltaniyeh

There is a belief that many Mongols and patriarchal rulers were buried in the cellar with everything they had, such as gold and jewels, after their death. Due to this, it was thought that Sultan Muhammad-e Khodabande was buried there, but no grave was found there during the excavations.

Dome of Soltaniyeh Reviews

Fortunately, reviews regarding this valued ancient monument have been very positive. Receiving such wonderful feedback from all the excursionists of the world has made this spot a special location for the people of Zanjan. Some visitors mentioned the easy access to the dome and the grandeur of the location during their visit, as well as the magnetizing architecture of the Soltaniyeh Dome.

Dome of Soltaniyeh Location

The building is located in the heart of Soltaniyeh city and in the middle of Soltaniyeh citadel. To visit, you must first travel to the historical city of Zanjan and then drive from Zanjan to Qazvin. After traveling a distance of about 30 kilometers, choose the road on your right and enter Soltaniyeh Road. You will find the Dome of Soltaniyeh in the beautiful city of Soltaniyeh (Location on map).

Final Word

If you are traveling to Zanjan, one of the important attractions that awaits you on this trip is the Dome of Soltaniyeh. This dome, which is a relic of Ilkhanid period architecture, is the tomb of Oljaitu and has attracted many sightseers who are fond of ancient sites. This dome is the largest brick dome in the world and the third largest dome in the world, and what is interesting is that the architecture of this building inspired the construction of the Santa Maria Church in Italy, the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Turkey, and the Taj Mahal in India.

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Fire temple of kerman

Fire Temple of Kerman, Iran (History, Photos, Location)

Many fire temples have been built in Iran, some of which are still standing; among them is the Zoroastrian Fire Temple of Kerman, which is the last fire temple of this province. Fire Temple and Museum of Zoroastrian Anthropology is considered the only Zoroastrian Anthropology Museum in the world without any competitors, which is very attractive and popular. The fire temple offers more than just one benefit.

When you visit this location, religious individuals and historians claim that the fire at its ancient fire altar is the identical sacred and unadulterated fire that was brought to Iran from the Varhram temple in India. In the following, we will explain in detail about this beautiful historical building.

Fire Temple of Kerman History

There are two different stories about the construction and establishment of this religious site. According to one of these narratives, the fire temple garden was previously the residence of “Jahangir Ashidari”; in 1951 (during the reign of the second Pahlavi), by making changes in the building inside the garden, this house was transformed into a fire temple. Jahangir Ashidari was a well-known Zoroastrian Mobed researcher and historian.

However, another story states that a person named “Jamshid Khodarahm Narsi Abadi,” a Zoroastrian merchant from India living in Mumbai, stayed in Kerman for a while. Narsi Abadi was a charitable and benevolent person who, while traveling through various cities in Iran like Sistan, Tehran, Kerman, and Yazd, tried to leave behind benevolent works.

During his stay in Kerman, he decided to build an inn for his fellow Zoroastrians in the city. Following this decision, he chose a green garden in the Zoroastrian neighborhood of the city, located opposite the great national Zoroastrian School, to establish the inn. He bought half of this property and built a fire temple and a place of worship on it.

The owner of the other half of the property also, after this decision and construction, donated his share along with Narsi Abadi’s in 1924, and they handed over the deed to the Zoroastrian Youth Association of Kerman.

Zoroastrian Fire Temple Building in Kerman

The Zoroastrian fire temple in Kerman is a brick building with three words inscribed on its entrance: “Humata, Hukhta, and Hvarshta,” meaning good thoughts, good words, and good deeds. You can see a similar structure at the Chak Chak shrine in Yazd.

Fire temple of kerman photos

Fire Temple of Kerman Photos

The initial structure of this fire temple was built on a 4,000 square meter plot and later expanded to 8,000 square meters with the effort and cooperation of dozens of Zoroastrian benefactors. It now includes an assembly hall, dining hall, library building, computer center, site support center for the association, the Iranian Zoroastrian Anthropology Museum, the association’s secretariat, a board of directors’ conference hall, and an educational building for religious classes. All of these are managed by the Zoroastrian Association of Kerman.

This beautiful and historic temple, situated next to a beautiful garden, provides a peaceful and energizing place for a half-day retreat. Visiting this temple, along with the Zoroastrian fire temple of Kerman, is a delightful experience.

The Building and Different Parts of the Fire Temple in Kerman

The Zoroastrian fire temple in Kerman is a brick building located next to a garden, which multiplies the peace of being in this temple. The restoration and renovation of the temple have been done by architectural experts from Kerman, making the fire temple more beautiful than before.

Zoroastrian Anthropology Museum has been built next to the Zoroastrian fire temple building in Kerman. The museum building was constructed and donated by Ms. Mahin Dokht Siavoshian. The objects in this museum are displayed on two floors: one floor is dedicated to cooking utensils, inscriptions, special Zoroastrian clothing, and old books, while the other floor is dedicated to the Fire Temple of Kerman photos. There is a staircase area between these two floors where household items and agricultural tools are kept.

Objects in Kerman Fire Temple & Museum

Each section of the Kerman Anthropology Museum displays objects that show various aspects of Zoroastrian customs and traditions. The items in the museum, collected with the help of Zoroastrian families, include household items and tools for lighting and cooking, which are not significantly different from those used by Muslims.

Among the oldest items in this museum is a handwritten book of the Gathas that is over 200 years old, and a hand-made fire holder dated 1207 is also on display.

kerman fire temple

Kerman Fire Temple Photos

The museum houses women’s clothing items dating back 50 to 150 years, as seen in Achaemenid to Sassanian documents, reflecting the attire of Zoroastrian women. The collection includes various garments such as the Makhna, lace headdress, scarf, embroidered coat, dress, and trousers.

Also, photos from the Naseri Association of Zoroastrians in Kerman and Rafsanjan, along with portraits of notable individuals like Arbab Keikhosrow Shahrokh, Mirza Borzo Amighi, Keshvar Khanom, and Purandokht, are exhibited in the museum’s photo and document section.

Moreover, the museum features various Zoroastrian fire holders, oil lamps, tallow lamps, and traditional lanterns. Another valuable item in the museum is a photograph of the National Assembly during the Qajar era, featuring Keikhosrow and Shahrokh, who were Zoroastrian representatives from Kerman in the assembly.

What is inside the fire temple?

Inside the fire temple Zoroastrianism, you will find the sacred fire altar where the eternal flame is kept burning, symbolizing the purity and presence of Ahuramazda, the Zoroastrian god. The flame is kept by the Mobadhas (Zoroastrian priests), who perform rituals and ceremonies to commemorate it.

Additionally, this fire temple contains religious works, sacred texts, and objects of historical importance for Zoroastrian society. Visitors can also explore a section of the museum that displays cultural and anthropological exhibits related to Zoroastrianism, providing insights into the history, traditions, and practices of this ancient faith.

Fire Temple of Kerman Location

The Zoroastrian fire temple is one of the famous places in Kerman, which is located on Zarisef Street (Shohada), at the beginning of Barzo Amighi Street. The fire temple is located in Mosafai Garden, which used to be the residential house of Jahangir Ashidari and has been transformed into a fire temple.

Fire Temple of Kerman address: Kerman Province, Kerman City, Moshtaghieh Square, Zarisef (Shohada) St., the beginning of Borzo Amighi St (Location on Map).

Final Word

One of the prominent attractions of Kerman city is the Zoroastrian fire temple and anthropology museum of this city. The Zoroastrian Anthropology Museum of Kerman is called the only Zoroastrian Anthropology Museum in the world. It is located in the Zoroastrian Fire Temple complex in Kerman. This museum includes separate sections where the objects collected by the founders of the museum and the cultural heritage of the time are kept behind glass in these sections.

Kerman Fire Temple and Museum of Anthropology is one of Kerman’s attractions and those interested in Zoroastrian history and culture can visit this historical place during their trip to Iran.

Are you planning to travel to Iran & look for an Iran travel agency? Check out our Iran tours. Here’s a free Kerman Virtual Tour for you!

does iran have tourism

Does Iran Have Tourism? (Ranking, Statistics, Attractions)

Traveling and adventure have always been part of human life. Whether the purpose of your trip is business or pleasure, you move from one place to another as a visitor exploring a different location. Iran has been recognized by millions of travelers who visit this Middle Eastern country for both its rich history and touristic sites as well as work purposes. Over the years, Iran has made great changes for its guests by establishing advanced amenities and renovating several areas in the country for a better experience. Being recorded as one of UNESCO’s top 10 countries possessing antique relics, Iran has had a successful tourism industry for many years. But these questions remain: can tourists travel to Iran? And does Iran have tourism?

Stay with us to find out more about Iran’s Tourism industry.

Tourism in Iran

Tourism is generally considered recreational travel. However, in recent years, tourism includes any travel that allows a person to leave their work or life environment, even for business.

Can Tourists Travel to Iran?

In today’s era, the tourism industry is known as one of the basic foundations of the economy in all countries of the world, including Iran. Iran has a great capacity and a bright future in the tourism industry.

Iran has become an attractive destination for tourists who plan to travel to North Africa and the Middle East due to its ability to develop, improve its infrastructure, and face progressive changes. The World Tourism Organization and UNESCO also consider Iran to be one of the top 10 countries in the world in terms of tourist arrivals due to its many tourist attractions.

According to recent reports, with the boom in Iran’s tourism industry, the employment rate of this industry has also increased in Iran. In 2020, 1.2 million people were active in Iran’s tourism industry. In 2021, this figure increased to 1.9 million people, with a growth of 700,000 people, which is equivalent to 7.6%.

tourism in iran

American Tourists in Iran in April 2024

Why does Iran have a high potential for Tourism? Iran is a country with countless natural and cultural attractions, which have great potential in this industry due to its climatic, cultural, historical, and religious attractions, as well as having a high-capacity young labor force.

Can Tourists Go to Iran Now?

The existence of various capacities in types of tourism, including natural, historical, religious, commercial, etc., has made Iran a unique and wonderful spot for adventurers even to this day. The diverse religious places of different religions, churches, tombs, and shrines of Jews, Zoroastrians, and Muslims, in addition to the country’s availability of a young and talented workforce, appropriate services, and its costs compared to other countries in the region is a bonus for Iran’s tourism and welcoming tourists annually.

Most tourists are interested in the climate, culture, or nature of their destination. The rich have always traveled far and wide, ultimately for a purpose, such as sightseeing famous buildings and works of art, learning new languages, ​​and tasting different food. As mentioned, tourism is a very crucial industry in all parts of the world.

History of Iran’s Tourism

Tourism has been active in Iran ever since its ancient dynasties. The presence of the popular Silk Road in Iran, the caravanserais, old huts, and extensive communication routes have been the reason for the passage of many travelers. In different periods with the reigns of different governments, such as the Achaemenid Empire, the Seleucid period, Qajar, etc., tourism was based on various purposes.

During the Safavid period, one of the most prosperous eras of tourism in Iran, the most significant factors that were taken into account were development, increased security, suitable communication routes, and the establishment of numerous facilities in Iran. In 1935, for the first time, The Ministry of Home Affairs Office, named ” The Foreign Tourist Attraction and Advertising Office,” was established in Iran, and the affairs related to Iran’s tourism were entrusted to this office.

Iran Tourism Ranking

The tourism industry is ranked third among the world’s largest industries. According to the latest tourism statistics, there are 48 countries in Asia with a population of more than 4.562 billion people who are constantly traveling to different countries every day, and based on the reports of the World Tourism Organization, tourism in Iran ranks 10th among countries with ancient and historical attractions and 5th among natural attractions in the world.

Iran Tourism

Tourism in Iran 2024

Tourism in Iran as an industry has very high capacities for growth and development. Iran is seen as one of the safest countries in the Middle East. In 2008, while 842 million tourists traveled the world, about 2 million foreign tourists visited Iran.

Iran’s Top UNESCO Sites

With the marking of 27 Iranian historical and natural monuments in the list of UNESCO, Iran stands at ninth place in the world registration among 161 member countries of UNESCO. Iran has one of the oldest civilizations in the world, in such a way that many cultural elements in today’s world are indebted to the Aryan civilization.

This land has been the origin of rich human civilizations and cultures in different historical periods, and therefore, it has been the source of many historical and natural heritages.

This Iran UNESCO World Heritage Sites list includes 25 cultural heritage works and 2 natural heritage works. Bam Citadel was severely damaged after the earthquake in Bam, and since then, it has been on the list of endangered works, but due to the restorations carried out over the past years, UNESCO removed the Bam Citadel from the list of endangered works.

Persepolis – Shiraz

Persepolis, or the City of the Persians, is a symbol of grandeur in ancient Iran and one of the top things to do in Shiraz. Perhaps the relics in the city of Persepolis and the remaining buildings in it are some of the most important documents recorded of the history of civilization in the world.

takht e jamshid photos

Persepolis Iran Photos

Therefore, eminent scientists and archaeologists from all over the world have traveled to Iran to visit Persepolis. It shows the architectural splendor of the palace of the kings in the era of ancient Iran. The Achaemenid kings built their stone palaces in the heart of the mountain and near the city of Shiraz to leave a vivid picture of their power for future generations.

ChoghaZanbil Ziggurat – Khuzestan province

Choghazanbil Ziggurat is part of the ancient collections of early civilizations during the agricultural revolution and Mesopotamian civilizations in Persia. The ancient city of Susa is located in the northwest of the Ziggurat pyramid. This ziggurat, or pyramid-shaped temple, was built around 1250 BC by Elamite ruler Untash-Napirisha, who dedicated it to one of the ancient gods in Persia named Inshushinak.

This ancient monument, which is a pyramid with a quadrangular base, was protected by walls, which have now been restored. If you are interested in adventurous and historical trips to the depths of the ancient world, we recommend you visit this archeological pyramid of Iran.

Naqshe Jahan Square – Isfahan

Naqshe Jahan Square, also known as Imam Square, is one of the most beautiful places and top things to do in Isfahan, Iran. In fact, the collection of many ancient buildings of the Naqshe Jahan Square, one of the largest ancient squares in the world, has made this square a fantastic tourist attraction spot.

naqsh-e jahan square isfahan

Naqsh-e Jahan Square Isfahan

Today, Naqshe Jahan has gathered a lot of fans all over the world. The marking of this square in the UNESCO World Heritage List shows the importance of this area. During your trip to Isfahan, you can spend a lot of time in this magnificent square and enjoy watching its historical monuments and beautiful nature, as well as purchasing the best souvenirs of Iran.

Takht-e Soleyman – West Azerbaijan Province

Takht Suleiman, which is named the birthplace of Zoroastrianism religion, has stood for five periods of human history and civilization. This distinguished and extraordinary complex, dating back to 3000 years ago, is registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List. It is one of the sights of West Azerbaijan and is located in the city of Takab. Takht-e Soleyman was the largest educational, religious, and prayer center before Islam, and it is known as the most important base of Zoroastrianism.

On the grounds of Takht-e Soleyman, you will encounter a beautiful landscape of a natural lake, a hidden gem of Iran. This bubbling limestone lake is thousands of years old and is an important reason for the construction of Takht-e Soleyman in this place.

Final Word

So, to answer your question, “Does Iran have tourism?” Absolutely!

Iran, having numerous sites marked in the world by UNESCO, can be one of the important centers to attract tourists to historical works and monuments. The existence of sites such as Persepolis, ChoghaZanbil Ziggurat, Takht-e Soleyman, Naqshe Jahan Square, and the Bam Citadel are among the most treasured world attractions of Iran. Visiting tourist attractions, listening to the beautiful sounds of nature, and getting to know the special culture of a region make you pack your bags for an adventurous trip. But whatever the reason for your trip, Iran is one of the best places to travel. From the Caspian Sea to the Persian Gulf, Iran’s history, culture, and natural attractions entice unlimited tourists and ensure a pleasurable trip for its visitors.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran tour operator? Check out our Iran tours.

chinese tourists

Iran Tour for Chinese | Can Chinese Citizens Visit Iran?

Chinese citizens can visit Iran! Iran Doostan has many Iran Tour for Chinese tourists. However, there is one important thing to know before planning an Iran tour, and that is the fact that Chinese travelers need to acquire a visa beforehand. The visa requirements and application procedures can differ, so it is advisable to verify the latest and most precise details from the Iranian embassy or consulate in China. Doing so will guarantee a seamless and trouble-free travel adventure for Chinese citizens.

Iran Tour for Chinese

Chinese travelers must make sure to thoroughly inquire about the specific visa they need, follow the application procedures diligently, and meet any extra requirements. Additionally, it is highly advised to stay informed about any travel advisories or restrictions that may be in place to guarantee the best travel experience.

It’s crucial to consult official government sources or seek help from the relevant authorities to obtain the most up-to-date and accurate information before planning any trip to Iran, as travel regulations are subject to frequent changes. Keep this in mind to ensure a smooth and safe travel experience. Don’t forget to check out our Iran Safety Blog for some peace of mind.

Please don’t hesitate to get in touch with our team of knowledgeable and experienced professionals if you have any questions or need further information. We are committed to offering assistance in any way we can and would be happy to assist you.

Is Iran Visa Free for Chinese?

Chinese citizens are required to obtain a visa before they visit Iran. So, an Iran tour for the Chinese is only possible with an Iran visa. It is essential to understand that travelers from China cannot enter Iran without a visa. As a result, it’s recommended that Chinese travelers who plan to visit Iran apply for a visa ahead of time to prevent any issues.

chinese in iran

Chinese Tourists in Iran

Remember to submit all necessary documents, such as a valid passport, passport-sized photographs, and a filled-out application form, to the Iranian embassy or consulate in China in order to finalize the visa application process.

Confirming the current visa requirements is crucial, so it’s advisable to reach out directly to the Iranian embassy or consulate in China or refer to official government sources. Given that travel regulations can change, these actions will help you obtain the most accurate and up-to-date information.

Iran Tour for Chinese Packages

Here is some basic knowledge to know about Iran Tours for Chinese Package. The visa application process may be included in many tour packages to facilitate a smoother entry into Iran.

Tour packages to Iran usually come with a range of accommodations, from modern hotels to traditional guesthouses, providing tourists with a unique blend of contemporary and traditional Iranian hospitality. Meal plans are often included in tour packages, mainly breakfasts or a combination of breakfasts and dinners. The packages typically cover transportation within Iran, including domestic flights or overland travel between cities, and some tours even offer airport transfers.

The packages are inclusive of entrance fees to museums, historical sites, and other attractions specified in the itinerary. Our esteemed packages also come with guided tours led by English-speaking experts who are well-versed in major attractions and historical sites. These proficient guides provide unparalleled insights into the cultural and historical significance of the places visited, making your visit truly enriching and unforgettable.

Travel insurance may be offered as part of a package or as an optional add-on to ensure a safe and secure journey. Customization options are available to tailor the itinerary to specific preferences, providing maximum flexibility. In case of unforeseen situations or emergencies, 24/7 support services are available to provide immediate assistance.

Iran tour for chinese

Iran tour for Chinese

Things to Note:

It is imperative to thoroughly review the details of each tour package, including its inclusions and exclusions, cancellation policies, and any additional costs. Given the ever-evolving nature of the tourism industry and potential changes in travel regulations, it is advisable to obtain the most up-to-date information directly from the tour operator or travel agency offering the packages.

This will enable us to make informed decisions and ensure that we are providing our clients with the best possible travel experience.

Check out some of our Iran tours for chinese:

 

 

Iran Tour for Chinese Itinerary

It would be necessary to consider several factors when designing an Iran tour for Chinese tourists, such as the duration of the trip, the interests of the travelers, and logistical considerations. Our team of experts understands the needs of Chinese tourists and designs itineraries that cover a diverse range of cultural, historical, and natural attractions. We take pride in providing the best services through our tour operation, and we can guarantee an unforgettable experience for all our clients.

Things to Do on Iran Tour for Chinese

Iran is home to a variety of breathtaking landscapes, ranging from expansive deserts such as Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut to picturesque mountain ranges and scenic coastlines along the Caspian Sea. What truly sets Iran apart, however, is the unparalleled hospitality and friendliness of its locals. With a warm and welcoming demeanor, Iranian locals have the power to transform any tourist experience into a truly unforgettable one.

Don’t overlook the culinary treasures of Iran. Its cuisine boasts a wide range of bold flavors, from juicy kebabs to savory stews like Ghormeh Sabzi and Fesenjan, as well as a plethora of bread and rice varieties. You simply can’t miss trying some of the most iconic Persian dishes while engaging yourself in the vibrant cultural festivals of Iran, including Nowruz (the Persian New Year) and other local celebrations that highlight the nation’s rich traditions.

where do chinese tourists go

Where Do Chinese Tourists Go

Iran’s bazaars are renowned for their distinct ambiance and extensive selection of goods. Chinese tourists seeking to enhance their experience may find it worthwhile to explore these traditional markets and buy themselves some souvenirs. Some of the notable bazaars include the Tajrish Bazaar, Tehran Grand Bazaar, and Vakil Bazaar of Shiraz, among others.

Visit UNESCO Sites of Iran

Iran is home to numerous UNESCO World Heritage Sites that demonstrate the country’s historical and cultural significance. With a total of 27 UNESCO sites in Iran, it is evident that the country is steeped in a profound and diverse heritage. Depending on the type of tour preferred, visiting these sites may be limited. Nonetheless, some of the most popular UNESCO sites in Iran include Persepolis, Naqsh-e Jahan Square, and the ancient city of Yazd, which are all worth visiting by any discerning traveler.

Memories of Past Iran Tours for Chinese

Many Chinese Tourists have already visited Iran through our Iran Tours. Our travel agency has worked hard to plan the perfect Iran Tour for the Chinese Itinerary. We have many memory archives of our dear Chinese guests in Iran. You can watch some of the lovely memories left by our Chinese tourists on our YouTube Channel.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Iran is a country rich in history, culture, and natural beauty, offering Chinese tourists a unique and unforgettable travel experience. Chinese tourists can enjoy the warm hospitality of the Iranian people, savor the delicious flavors of Persian cuisine, and witness the vibrant traditions of this fascinating country. We invite Chinese people to discover the wonders of Iran for themselves and create memories that will last a lifetime.

If you have any further concerns or inquiries regarding your upcoming trip to Iran, please feel free to get in touch with us by emailing us at info@idt.ir to receive comprehensive information on any questions that you may have in mind.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran travel agency? Check out our Iran tours.

Top 10 Hotels in Iran

Top 10 Hotels in Iran for Accommodation

If Iran is the next destination for your upcoming excursion, don’t worry we have got you covered by providing you with a comprehensible list of the top 10 hotels in Iran. In every city of the country, you will find a multitude of hotels welcoming guests from all over the globe. However, with our list of the top-notch hotels in Iran, we will make everything in your stay go without a hitch.

As a tourist, you can find the most comfortable and luxurious rooms for your accommodation while abiding in Iran with countless services made available for you, from health care centers offering you a relaxing massage to restaurants and cafes serving some of the most popular traditional and international dishes. Here we are, as your ultimate guide to the best luxury hotels in Iran for a cozy and luxurious sojourn.

Espinas Palace Hotel – Tehran

Espinas Palace Hotel is among Iran’s top-notch hotels in the capital city, Tehran. Nestled in the northern area of ​​Tehran, Espinas Palace Hotel shines like a jewel in the city of Tehran as one of the best hotels in the capital and one of the top five-star hotels in Iran.

Espinas Palace Hotel has taken into consideration the different expectations of its guests and offers unique luxury services. The hotel is a relatively newly built hotel that was inspired by the name of one of the northern peaks of Iran near the Alborz Mountains.

This luxurious five-star hotel has Royal and Standard rooms, as well as Junior, President, and Espinas Palace Suites. It boasts all kinds of rooms on its twenty floors.

The architecture of Espinas Palace Hotel plays a huge role in its fame and title, bearing the word Palace in its name. Looking at the Espinas Palace photos you can see the impressive design of the hotel, using contemporary architecture influenced by the antique architecture of the ancient Persia. Therefore, by booking in Espinas Hotel being the best hotel in Tehran Iran, a royal stay awaits you.

This hotel is one of the most outstanding buildings in the city of Tehran and one of the best hotels in Iran. It houses a magnificent lobby, public spaces, and especially well-equipped and standard rooms, which all together create a unique and unforgettable stay.

Espinas Palace Hotel

5-Star Espinas Palace Hotel in Tehran

In this hotel, every expectation you have from a five-star luxury hotel in the capital will be met in the best way.

Espinas Palace Hotel Health Center

If you are staying at this hotel, take the time to enjoy a comforting massage and experience the feeling of relaxation at the luxury health center of Espinas Palace on the third floor. Stay away from the city’s hustle and bustle for hours by being in this space.

Sunset Cafe, a coffee shop with a special smoking room

If you are a fan of international drinks such as lattes, don’t forget to try the lattes served in Sunset Cafe. Seeping warm coffee from your cup on a cool, breezy Spring morning with your loved ones in one of the best hotels in Iran will never be forgotten. Light snacks, muffins, and all kinds of delicious sweets are served in Sunset Café of Espinas Palace.

Lawtoon Restaurant with Iranian and International Menu

The friendly service of Lawtoon Restaurant along with its skillful master chefs will ensure that you will have the most flavorful dishes served at your table and that you will always cherish the taste and color of the food in this restaurant.

Diba Restaurant, a traditional restaurant with an Iranian menu

The captivating design of Diba Restaurant will attract you at first glance. You can have the opportunity to taste the traditional Iranian food in this Restaurant. Both traditional and luxurious drinks, including tea, coffee, and the famous Palace brew, are provided for you and served in a completely traditional way, which you can enjoy after your meal.

Golden Palace Hotel – Mashhad

A blend of a cosmopolitan façade with an opulent interior resembling a true palatial building, the Golden Palace International Hotel is one of the most luxurious and top hotels in the city of Mashhad in Iran. Golden Palace Hotel glows brightly like gold among the hotels in Mashhad and is one of the most visited hotels in the city. It is a 20-story hotel with 358 diverse rooms. It boasts the highest level of security and the best facilities and ensures full comfort for its guests.

Golden Palace Hotel Mashhad

Golden Palace Hotel Interior in Mashhad

The different types of rooms in Golden Palace Hotel include the President Suite, Royal Suite, Junior Suite, Senior Suite, and Imperial Suite. In addition, the hotel also has built atrium rooms, which are located on the fifth to sixteenth floors. The view of these rooms faces the atrium, which is the open space inside the hotel.

Mahmoud Sezavar and his son Amir Sezavar founded this Five-star hotel in 2016. After his death in March 2017, his second son continued the construction operation. The design of the Golden Palace Hotel is based on the unique architectural techniques of Mahmoud Sezavar, a prominent architect in Iran.

Golden Palace luxury hotel has a large parking lot, a well-equipped sports complex (including a swimming pool, a poolroom, and a gym), a children’s playground, and many restaurants with a variety of Iranian and international dishes. Mashhad’s Golden Palace Hotel has convenient access to tourist attractions such as Nader Tomb, Clay Dome, Sheikh Bahai Tomb, Reza Bazaar, Astan Quds Razavi Museum, several shopping malls, and the historical Goharshad Mosque of Mashhad.

Parsian Azadi Hotel – Tehran

The second top 5-star hotel in Tehran is the Parsian Azadi Hotel. The Parsian International Hotel is located in the foothills of the Alborz Mountains. It is not only the largest hotel in the Parsian hotel chains, but Parsian International Hotel is the most striking hotel in Iran in many ways.

The hotel provides a total of 552 rooms and suites equipped with all comfort and communication facilities, halls with different capacities for holding conferences and business and family gatherings, luxury Iranian restaurants with international food menus, diverse shopping centers, and sports facilities are only part of the facilities of Parsian Azadi Hotel. The luxury accommodations, as well as the hospitality of the staff, will leave a lasting memory for all the esteemed guests of this hotel.

Parsian Azadi Hotel Tehran

Parsian Azadi Hotel Tehran Photos

One of the most important privileges of booking and staying in this hotel, as one of the best hotels in Iran, is the proximity to the most beautiful street in Tehran – Valiasr Street, the longest street in the world. Parsian Azadi Hotel can be reached within 5 minutes from the Tehran International Exhibition Center. It provides convenient proximity to various historical, sightseeing, medical, and higher education centers in Tehran.

Rose Restaurant of Azadi Hotel.

Rose restaurant, with a capacity of 78 people, is highly sophisticated due to its young and experienced staff, the luxurious decoration, and the indescribable view of the mountains in the north of Tehran, serving diverse Iranian and International dishes., sightseeing, medical, and higher education centers in Tehran.

Abbasi Hotel – Isfahan

The magnificent Persian architecture has always shone like a shining gem among the architectural works of the world. In the meantime, the architecture of the monuments of Isfahan City, also known as “Half of the World,” has been the crowning glory of Persian culture and history.

If you are traveling to the ancient city of Isfahan, you can stay at the most beautiful international hotel in the Middle East, which is a relic of Shah Sultan Hoseyn Safavi.

Abbasi Hotel, with its 300-year-old history and its penetrating Iranian architecture, has always been popular with foreign guests.

The rooms of this 4-star hotel have an exceptional and picturesque view of a garden, and the turquoise dome of the ancient Chaharbagh School, as well as the amazing decorations and architecture of Qajar and Safavid ornamentations in some of its suites, are among the interior design elements found in Abbasi Hotel of Isfahan.

This hotel is a fantastic choice for anyone interested in the antiquity of Persian architecture and historical works.

Although Abbasi Hotel is the oldest hotel in the world, it does not lack any facilities. Its luxurious restaurants, traditional canteens, and modern coffee shops cater to all tastes. It embraces 11 multi-purpose halls for holding all kinds of seminars, parties, and receptions, from official to unofficial conferences.

Abbasi Hotel Isfahan

The Famous Abbasi Hotel in Isfahan

In addition to the sports complex, including a swimming pool, dry and steam sauna, hot tubs, gym, and massage services, this hotel combines tradition and modernity in the most sophisticated way.

Toranj Hotel – Kish Island

Kish Island has numerous entertainments, including nightlife activities to fulfill a thrilling journey. The island possesses various hotels with all kinds of designs. It is no surprise that one of the most luxurious and top-notch hotels in Iran is located on this beautiful island. Toranj Hotel of Kish Island has all the amenities a 5-star hotel can offer and is considered one of the most expensive hotels in Iran.

Most importantly, Toranj Hotel is the first marine hotel in the country, which is located in the northwest of the island. The hotel has two parts, which are the beach and the sea. In the marine part of the hotel, suites with glass windows are waiting for you to watch marine plants and aquatic animals. In the coastal part of the hotel, there is a traditional coffee shop, which is a beach cafe with wooden beds, arresting you with the pleasant aroma of Iranian tea.

Toranj Hotel uses a wooden dock to connect all parts of the suites together, and the beautiful lobby of the hotel, with its luxurious lighting and decoration, provides an excellent atmosphere for your intimate chats.

Shiraz Grand Hotel – Shiraz

The Shiraz Grand Hotel’s cosmopolitan design with upscale amenities is built on the northeast mountains of Shiraz with 14 floors and 158 rooms. The five-star Shiraz Grand Hotel can be an ideal dream place for tourists and travelers who have chosen Shiraz as a travel destination. This hotel also provides the best accommodation for the residents by being equipped with the most complete facilities and services.

There are countless sightseeing and entertainment places around this grand hotel, such as Khwaju Kermani Tomb, Koohpayeh Park, Luna Park Amusement Park, and Saadieh (Tomb of Saadi). The location of this hotel on top of the mountain creates an attractive and spectacular view for guests. If you are looking for the best hotel to stay in Shiraz, the Shiraz Grand Hotel will be the best and most ideal option for you.

Shiraz Grand Hotel

Shiraz Grand Hotel Restaurant

Among the most exceptional recreational facilities of Shiraz Grand Hotel are a gym, swimming pool, dry sauna, steam sauna, and hot tubs. During specific hours of the day, the use of the sports complex of this luxury hotel in Shiraz is free for guests.

Moshir Al-Mamalek Garden Hotel – Yazd

A 13 thousand square meters hotel bearing traditional architecture with an entrance leading to a mesmerizing large garden and pool is a perfect choice for any traveler adoring the Persian culture. Moshir Al-Mamalek Hotel in Yazd City is one of Iran’s top historical hotels, welcoming thousands of visitors annually. The hotel dates back to the Qajar period and was constructed by Mirza Fateh Khan Mushir al-Malik, from which the title of the hotel is derived.

In this 4-star hotel, 106 accommodation units are available for travelers. Moshir Al-Mamalek Garden Hotel provides Six-person connect suites, five-person connect suites, special four-bed rooms, two-person royal suites, double and twin rooms with garden view, normal double and twin rooms, etc.

The building of the Moshir Al Mamalek Hotel in Yazd has been renovated by skilled architects to meet the needs of passengers even with physical disabilities. Emergency medical services, elevators, traditionally decorated restrooms, a garden restaurant, a painting restaurant, conference halls, and a sports club are the facilities of this aesthetic and vibrant antique hotel of the beautiful city of Yazd.

Laleh Park Hotel – Tabriz

Laleh Park Hotel is a newly established contemporary hotel in Tabriz City, built by the Kaya Hotel group in 2009 and opened in 2013. The hotel is located in the northwest of Tabriz and adjacent to the Laleh Park shopping center. Laleh Park Hotel has 220 accommodation units that are equipped with an air conditioning system, electronic cash register, telephone, hair dryer, mini bar, and a bathroom.

There is also a large sports complex with an area of ​​1337 square meters, including a health center, plates, and yoga rooms, dry sauna, steam sauna, Turkish bath, skincare, and massage in this five-star hotel, which creates an atmosphere of staying in one of the Southeast Asian hotels by a coast.

Laleh Park Hotel Tabriz

Laleh Park Hotel Room in Tabriz

You will find more than 10 reception halls in Laleh Park Hotel equipped with a sauna, swimming pool, and suites for brides and grooms, as well as audio and video equipment, welcoming guests who want to hold their celebrations and parties in this hotel. Laleh Park Hotel also features one of the best restaurants in Tabriz, which serves you a variety of Iranian and international dishes cooked by the best chefs.

Darvishi Royal Hotel – Mashhad

The famous 5-star Darvishi Hotel is another suitable option for a luxury stay in Mashhad, and also one of the most famous and best hotels in Iran opened in 2011. The hotel has 22 floors containing 230 rooms. Darvishi Royal Hotel is on the list of the most lavish hotels in eastern Iran.

Darvishi Hotel is the only hotel in Iran with more than 800 square meters of atrium space with an intricate design. The facilities of this unique hotel offered to its guests are a variety of French and Iranian restaurants, a sports complex, spas, conference and convention halls, and shopping centers. The proximity of this hotel to the metro station provides easy access for passengers to different parts of Mashhad.

Sorinet Maryam Hotel – Kish Island

Kish Island is very popular for its grand hotels, but an excellent choice for a pleasurable sojourn is the Sorinet Maryam Hotel. A 4-star hotel with European baroque architecture dazzling your eyes, Sorinet Maryam Hotel is adjacent to the Persian Gulf and close to the best shopping centers of Kish Island, including Pearl, Sarina, and Zeitoun shopping malls.

Visiting the luxurious suites of this hotel, from double standard to junior and presidential suites, will charm you, particularly with its modern facilities. Free internet is made available in all parts of the hotel, a beautiful and dashing restaurant serving both Iranian cuisine and fast food, a coffee shop giving you the taste of a comfortable stay, and a game room are among the amenities of the Sorinet Maryam Hotel.

Final Word

With our latest list of the 10 Best Hotels in Iran in 2024, all travelers can effortlessly find the highest-ranking hotels satisfying their guests with high-quality facilities, services, and exquisite architecture of buildings, arousing a sense of antiquity or royalty. Iran’s hotel room prices range from 1 million Rials to 14 million Rials depending on the suite you select for your accommodation. Each person can find the best rooms among the accommodations according to the type and purpose of the trip, length of stay, budget, and travel style.

In this list, we have discussed only a number of prominent hotels among the best hotels in Iran. You can check all the hotels that we have introduced as the best hotels in Iran in more detail on the hotels’ respective websites, and if they suit your needs, you can easily make a reservation with just a few simple clicks.

Are you planning to Travel to Iran? Check out our Iran Tours and let us help you Book Iran Hotels for your stay.

iran air

Iran Air Airline (History, Booking, Ticket Price, Destinations)

Iran Air Airlines goes beyond its title by opening doors to global adventures. Having a reputation for more than half a century, Iran Air has made travel seamless and convenient for foreigners and local travelers. The Airline founded by Reza Afshar has offered millions of passengers the opportunity to gain access to many major cities in the world, providing them with an endless gateway of possibilities. Iran Air gives access to an extensive network of countries across Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. If you are seeking to discover the cultural and historical gems of Iran, you should select Iran Air for your next flight.

About Iran Air Airline

Iran Air was established 78 years ago in April 1946 with the cooperation of two airlines, Iranian Airways and Pars Airways. The original name of Iran Air was “Iran’s National Airways” with the abbreviated name “Homa”.

The company officially started its first air travel service on the route from Tehran to Mashhad City after World War II to create a national airline and serve Iranians. Within 17 years (from 1945 to 1962), it gradually became the most important domestic airline with only a few international flights.

In 1955, another private airline was established under the name Persian Airways Pars. The Persian Airways was only responsible for transporting cargo to Europe.

Iran Air Logo Establishment – “Homa”

In the same year, the design of Homa’s trademark was put to competition in the Keihan and other newspapers. Later, the winning design for the Airline became Homa’s trademark, which is one of the most eccentric trademarks for the Airline. The Homa design is derived from the stone structures of the mythical bird called Homa in Persepolis. The mythical bird has three unique features: an eagle’s head, a cow’s ear, and a horse’s mane.

Why Choose Iran Air?

The primary goals of introducing Iran Air were to cover the needs of air transportation within the country along with more adherence to the principles of flight safety and establishing air transportation services with neighboring and distant countries, while at the same time observing the mutual agreements of the commercial bases and interests of the country.

iran air tours

Iran Air Airline

Among the primary goals of the establishment of “Homa,” the Islamic Republic of Iran Airline Company “Homa” has been able to aid the people of Iran as a powerful transportation system for about half a century. Iran Air has tried to carry out its duties optimally by moving passengers, exporting and importing cargo, and mail in the domestic and international networks.

The Islamic Republic of Iran Airlines “Homa” has 60 years of experience, and during this time, it has brought millions of Iranian and foreign passengers to their destinations through hundreds of safe and luxurious flights. Relying on such a track record, Homa intends to continue its development path with complete efficiency.

Iran Air History

In 1942, with the efforts of two Iranian businessmen named Reza Afshar and Gholam Ebtahaj, Iran’s first airline company, Iranian Airways, was introduced. Even though the demand for air travel was very low in those years and there was no suitable infrastructure, with the support of the experts of the time, Homa Airlines was able to open the Tehran-Mashhad airline and provide Tehran-Mashhad Iran Air tickets. In this way, Iranians could travel by air for the first time in history.

In the following years, Iranian Airways was able to expand its flights to the cities of Isfahan, Shiraz, Bushehr, Abadan, and Ahvaz. However, Iran Air was aiming to establish international flight networks, and this was one of the goals that the Iran Air Agency was looking for.

The monopoly in the market was able to raise the profit for Iran Air to the extent that Homa Airlines was able to launch Iran Air’s outgoing flights to Beirut, Cairo, Paris, and Tel Aviv. In 1954, the Persian Air Service company was established under the name of Pars Airlines, which remained a competitor of Iranian Airways for many years.

At first, Persian Air Service, or Pars Airways, was established only for the purpose of moving cargo. Later, the company was able to add several foreign destinations to its flight destinations. Passengers could fly to cities such as Paris, London, Brussels, and Geneva from Mehrabad Airport and Abadan airports in Iran via the flights of Pars Company. In 1962, these two companies were merged by the Iranian government, and the resulting company was announced as National Iran National Airlines (Homa).

Logo Designing

The coloring of “Homa” planes was designed by a German company. The design was in such a way that the body of the plane was completely white, and the word “Iran Air” was written in bold blue color on the front part of the plane.

iran air logo

Iran Air Logo

The “Homa” logo was engraved in bold blue color on the tail of the plane together with a line with the same color above the logo.

Recognized as One of the Top Airway Logos

Moreover, in 2013, the Iran Air Airway was recognized as one of the top 100 logos of Iran at the 10th National Festival of Iranian Industry Champions. In the 2013 report of the Air Transport News Agency, the logo of Iran National Airlines (Homa) was selected as the best logo of the world’s airlines among the top 30 airline company logos due to its attractiveness, simplicity, and expressiveness of the message it conveyed.

Iran Air after the Islamic Revolution of Iran

The revolution in Iran in 1979 caused a change in the management and strategies of Iran Air Airlines, and the disturbances caused the company to move away from its peak. Many foreign flights of Iran Air were canceled, and Mehrabad Airport became Iran’s only international airport. The eight-year war between Iran and Iraq damaged the activities of Iran Air even more, making the Abadan Airport (the center of Iran’s oil activities) completely out of business. The war resulted in the few remaining Iran Air flights facing successive delays, and Iran Air gradually fell behind its local competitors.

Iran Air was known as Homa Airlines from the beginning of its establishment until it changed its name to Islamic Republic of Iran Airlines in 1982 according to the decision of the managers at the time. Iran Air is the only domestic airline that has been allowed to use the Iranian flag in its advertisements since its establishment.

Iran Air Fleet from 1942 to 1961

In the early days of the founding of Iran Air, the company utilized several Douglas DC-3 aircraft. These aircraft were built in 1935 by the Douglas Aircraft Company, and its entry into the world’s aviation fleet caused great change. Afterwards, several Douglas DC-4 aircraft were purchased by Iran and supplied to Iran Air’s fleet.

Compared to its predecessor model, which flew with two engines, the latter aircraft had four engines and could fly at longer distances. Iranian Air later bought three four-engine turboprop Vickers Viscount aircraft from the British company Vickers Viscount and expanded its fleet. The Shah of Iran from the Pahlavi dynasty used a Vickers Viscount plane as his personal plane.

iran air airline

Iran Air Tour

Iran Air or Homa Airways, which was originally established only for air cargo, employed a few twin-engine Avro York airplanes manufactured by the British Avro company. With the expansion of the company’s activities, several more Douglas DC-7 aircraft were also employed, which were a more advanced model of the older Douglas DC models.

Iran Air Destinations

The Airline of the Islamic Republic of Iran flights have a wide range and cover many domestic and international destinations. Considering that the flight routes of different airlines are constantly changing, we recommend that you refer to the official website of the airline or the flight routes page of the Frangar website to get comprehensive and up-to-date information about the flight schedule of Homa and other airlines of the country. Currently, Iran Air’s International destinations are Koln, Hamburg, Vienna, Milan, Paris, Rome, London, Frankfurt, Baku, Mumbai, Beirut, Dubai, Doha, Najaf, Istanbul, Beirut, and Kuwait.

Iran Air Ticket Price

In general, Iran Air has 2 flight classes, which are the Homa Class and Economy Class. Homa class has a special first-class seat, which has the advantage of providing special services to passengers during the flight, economy class is the cheapest type of ticket with the minimum service standard, and its position is at the end of the plane after Homa class.

Homa Class Food Service – First Class

The Homa class passengers of Iran Air, i.e., in the first class section, will receive special services from the beginning of the flight, which also encompass services during the flight.

iran air booking

Iran Air Booking

For example, the possibility of choosing the service using the food menu, serving foreign dishes, receiving a travel gift bag, packing saffron in an ornamented box, flowers, etc., are among the details of these special services offered during the flight.

Iran Air Online Check-in

Iran Air website is one of the most visited websites in Iran with the address iranair.com. By clicking on the link to the website of Iran Air, you can get thorough information about Iran Air flight schedules, ticket prices, and many more.

The website offers complete details about flights and includes several sections. Each section contains very detailed information. Sections, such as an overview of Iran Air Airline Company, which is shown on the first page of the Iran Air website, and the online purchase of Iran Air tickets, which entails reservations of tickets for Iran Air’s foreign and domestic flights. Iran Air tickets can be purchased in two methods: the first method is buying the Iran Air ticket online from the website, and the second method is visiting the Iran Air ticket booking offices in person.

Final Word

The Islamic Republic of Iran Airline Company, Homa, has been at the disposal of the people of Iran as an aid for many years. The airline has attempted to perform its duties ideally by transporting passengers to countless major cities, offering both domestic and international networks. For an airline carrying the national flag of Iran, there is no higher honor than to always serve the people who owe their existence to their support and assistance. Iran Air airplanes offer you a unique experience and refined luxury for your journey.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran travel agency? Check out our Iran tours.

symbol of shiraz

What Is the Symbol of Shiraz?

Shiraz is the capital of Fars province in southern Iran, which is the fourth largest city in Iran, with a population of about 1.5 million people. This city, with a long history and rich culture, is known as one of the most important tourist centers of Iran, and many famous attractions of this city are known as the symbol of Shiraz. Traveling to Shiraz is a very attractive and exciting experience that gives you the opportunity to visit tourist attractions, learn about Iranian culture and art, and also enjoy the beautiful nature of this city.

Every year, millions of domestic and foreign tourists travel to this city. The name of Shiraz can be seen in the oldest books and museums in the world. Also, in Shiraz, there are delicious local foods, traditional markets, traditional accommodation centers, and many national and world heritage sites where you can gain important information and knowledge about the history of Iran. In the following, we will introduce the symbols of Shiraz and why Shiraz is such a famous city.

The Symbol of Shiraz Name

Studies on everything about Shiraz and the history of Shiraz show that there are different narratives about the construction of Shiraz and its foundation. The first discovered tablets related to the old names of Shiraz are Elamite clay tablets from 4 thousand years ago. The name on these tablets refers to the name of Tirazis. It is predicted that Tirazis changed phonetically during different periods and reached the modern name of Shiraz.

Also, the narrations of Shiraz being built by Ibn Tahmuras, the third greatest king in the world, consider the reason for the name of Shiraz to be the name of the son of Tahmuras. The second version says that the main reason for naming the city is the existence of a castle with this name in the place where it was founded. Evidence of inscriptions bearing the name Shiraz has been found in Persepolis and Elamite clay tablets of ancient cities, which is a strong document of the long history of the beautiful name of Shiraz, which means the center of grapes.

The Symbol of Shiraz in Islam

The symbol of Shiraz in Islam is often associated with the tomb of Hafez, a famous Persian poet. The tomb of Hafez, located in Shiraz, is an important pilgrimage site for Muslims and poetry lovers. Deeply imbued with Sufi themes and spiritual insights, Hafez’s poetry has resonated with many Muslims around the world.

hafez poet iran

Hafez Shirazi Tomb in Shiraz

His tomb serves as a symbol of spiritual enlightenment, love, and wisdom in Islamic culture and attracts visitors who seek inspiration and connection with the divine through his timeless verses.

What is Shiraz Known for?

The symbology of Shiraz has a rich historical and cultural significance. One of its prominent symbols is the fragrant and green Persian gardens, which reflect the poetic beauty and aesthetic appeal of the city. Another symbol is the Nasir al-Mulk Mosque, famous for its stunning architecture and colorful stained glass windows that reflect the city’s spiritual heritage and Islamic influence.

In addition, Shiraz is symbolized by its renowned poets, such as Hafez and Saadi, whose immortal verses celebrate love, wisdom, and the human experience and embody the city’s literary legacy and artistic talent. Moreover, the symbol of Shiraz is drawn to its vineyards and grape cultivation, which is a symbol of fertility, abundance, and pleasures of life. Together, these symbols include the essence of Shiraz as a city of beauty, spirituality, creativity, and cultural richness.

Orange Blossom Trees

One of the most important natural symbols of the city of Shiraz is its orange blossom trees, which are considered one of the identity elements of the city of Shiraz; a feature that has made many consider spring the best season to travel to Shiraz and is the most lovely symbol of Shiraz.

There is almost no street in Shiraz that does not have orange blossom trees. A tree for which legends and tales have been written, among which we can mention the myth of the marriage of the orange blossoms. This tree was and still is so important for the people of Shiraz that its fruit, or so-called bearing fruit, was also very important for them. In ancient times, the people of Shiraz even wrote rituals and myths for the fertility of these trees.

City of Culture and Literature

Shiraz has been a city of writers and scholars since the beginning of its history. World geographers such as Ibn Hawqal and Tedesco have given Shiraz the title of Dar al-Ulama (House of Knowledge) in their travelogues and documents. In the 13th century, Shiraz was the capital and center of science and art.

Persepolis iran

Persepolis Photos in Shiraz

In the 13th century, due to the existence of famous artists and scholars in Shiraz, this city has been a leader in the development of science and literature.

Undoubtedly, the influence of empires such as the Achaemenid Empire, Sassanians, and Zands on the cultural and artistic progress of Shiraz cannot be ignored. It is true that Shiraz has its literature and culture from poets such as Hafez and Saadi, but if it were not for the presence of Achaemenids, Sasanians, and Zands, the progress of civilization would not have been seen in Shiraz.

Hafez Shirazi

Hafez, also known as Khwāja Hafez-e Shirazi, is a renowned poet from Shiraz who lived around 727 AH. Hafez is one of the most influential poets in the history of Iran; it can be boldly said that he has influenced a large percentage of poets after him. The most important work left by Hafez is Divan-e-Hafez. Hafez’s poems are mostly written in ghazal (quatrain) form.

Hafez’s poems are very important in Western literature. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Hafez’s poems were translated into European languages, such as English and French. The tomb of Hafez is located in the city of Shiraz and is known as Hafeziyeh and is a famous symbol of Shiraz.

tomb of hafez photos

Tomb of Hafez Photos

Another interesting point to note is Hafez’s strange effectiveness of the Qur’an to the extent that one of the reasons for choosing the title of Hafez for him is that he memorized the Qur’an in several different ways. According to some experts and writers, Hafez’s revolution in ghazal, which is the composition of verses with independent meaning, was influenced by the style of the Qur’an.

Nevertheless, Hafez should not be considered independent of ancient Iranian culture. The interesting thing is that the fame and influence of Hafez started during his lifetime, and his work reached the Indian subcontinent at the same time, and the poets of those lands tried to use the characteristics of Hafez’s poetry.

Saadi Shirazi

Saadi Shirazi, also known as the Master of Speech, is a great poet and master from Shiraz. Saadi was born in 606 AH. Saadi Shirazi was one of the famous preachers of the Islamic world in his time. This great poet is famous among writers and poets for his eloquence and skillful storytelling.

The surviving works of Saadi include Golestan, Boostan, and Ghazaliat of Saadi. There are anecdotes and moral teachings in Golestan and Boostan books, which are very attractive and listenable to readers. Saadi passed away in Shiraz in 690 AH. The tomb of Saadi is located in the city of Shiraz named Saadieh.

Saadi Shirazi tomb

Saadi Shirazi Tomb

His works have long been taught in schools and libraries as a source of teaching Persian language and literature, and many common proverbs in the Persian language are derived from his poems and writings. Saadi should be considered a master of simplistic writing, attractive simplistic writing, which, of course, is a unique art full of interesting points.

Saadi also gained a lot of fame and respect during his lifetime, and his works spread to India, Asia Minor, and Central Asia. The interesting point here is that Hafez was one of the poets who turned to writing ghazal under the influence of Saadi’s style and initially drew inspiration from Saadi. These famous Persian poets are both the symbol of Shiraz.

Sightseeing and Tourism in Shiraz

Shiraz has many places to see and watch that are world-famous; in the following, we introduce some of the most famous historical attractions of Shiraz:

Pasargadae: The city of Pars or Pasargadae is located 136 km from the Shiraz-Isfahan road and contains one of the most famous historical monuments of Iran, the tomb of Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid Empire.

Persepolis: The largest ancient building in Iran that represents the history of the city and is located 60 km from Shiraz, is Persepolis. This building is a combination of the architecture of civilizations covered by Achaemenid.

Shapouri Mansion: One of the must-see places in Shiraz that was built during the first Pahlavi period. The architecture of this building is very spectacular and unique and it belonged to the rich Shapouri family until 1999.

Ilkhani Garden: It is one of the most attractive places to visit in Shiraz, and dates back to the Qajar period. This beautiful garden is a memory of Mohammad Ali Khan Eilkhani Qashqai and is located in the Sibagh-e Shiraz neighborhood.

Karim Khan Citadel: Arg of Karim Khan is one of the largest brick historical buildings in Shiraz. The outer building is 12 meters high. In this citadel, a tilted tower can be seen. This tower is tilted 30 degrees, and that is why it is famous.

Karim khan citadel

Karim Khan Citadel in Shiraz

Baba Kouhi Mausoleum: One of the most attractive places to see in this city is on the Sabouri Mountain of Shiraz and on the left side of the Qur’an Gate, which dates back to the Deylamian period. There are two caves in this mountain; in one of these caves, there are two tombs known as Baba Kouhi.

Jahan Nama Garden: This garden is located near Hafezieh and is considered one of the most beautiful gardens in Shiraz. Jahan Nama Garden, with the octagonal mansion inside, is very spectacular.

Shiraz National Garden: Among the sights of this city, Shiraz National Garden is considered one of the best and coziest places to see. This garden is located at the Hafezieh intersection and is considered one of the largest and most beautiful parks in Shiraz. In this garden, there are old cypress trees and tall pine trees, which show the age of this garden.

Shah Cheragh: Shah Cheragh is a pilgrimage and religious place in Shiraz, housing the tomb of Ahmad ibn Musa Kazim, the elder son of the seventh Imam and brother of Imam Reza (AS). The architecture of the shrine is very beautiful and eye-catching and has plastering and mirror works with lights from all corners of this shrine.

Famous Foods of Shiraz

One of the most famous foods belonging to Shiraz is Faloodeh Shirazi, a sweet dessert with many fans throughout Iran. Another popular dish among the people is Salad Shirazi, a tasty and flavorful salad made with diced cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, and herbs with lemon juice and olive oil.

Additionally, Shiraz offers a variety of delicacies meals and local specialties, including Kalam Polo (cabbage rice), Dopiaz-e Aloo (potato stew), Shirin Polo (sweet rice pilaf), Ghormeh Be, Yakhni Nokhod (chickpea stew), Lubia Polo (rice with green beans), Robb-e Polo (beetroot rice), Shirazi Polo (Shirazi rice), Eshkeneh, Havij Polo (carrot rice), Kofteh Halou (meatballs with plums), Kofteh Sabzi (meatballs with herbs), and Dampokhtak (lamb and vegetable stew). These dishes show the rich culinary tradition and various flavors of Shiraz.

Shiraz Gardens

Shiraz is not only decorated with beautiful, cultural, historical, and traditional buildings but also has many stunning gardens. These gardens add to the charm of the city. They play a significant role in representing the symbol of Shiraz.

shiraz garden photos

Shiraz Garden Photos

Some of the notable gardens include the Eram Botanical Garden, the Jahan Nama Garden, the Afifabad Garden, the Delgosha Garden, the Narenjestan Garden, the gardens of Qasr al-Dasht, and the recently established Chamran Gardens, alongside Shiraz flower gardens, which have been operational for almost two years. These gardens are considered unique beauties of the city and add to its charm and appeal.

Shiraz Spring

Spring in Shiraz is a time of unique beauty when nature wakes up from its winter sleep to paint the city with vivid colors and sweet fragrances. The arrival of spring brings a storm of life to the gardens, orchards, and parks of Shiraz, as cherry blossoms, tulips, and roses bloom in abundance. The air is filled with the fragrance of citrus blossoms and jasmine, and the gentle breeze carries the melody of birds chirping.

As the days grow longer and warmer, families and friends gather in the gardens to enjoy picnics amidst blooming flowers and lush greenery. Spring in Shiraz is truly a wonderful experience, where the city comes alive with new promise and joy.

Final Word

Shiraz is a historical, beautiful, and green city with a pleasant climate, delicious food, and kind people with a sweet accent who are famous for hospitality. The city of Shiraz has long been the place of residence of many poets and intellectuals of Iran. Some even consider the freshness, purity, and beauty of this city to inspire poets like Hafez to create original poems. This city has been the capital of Iran in different historical periods, and this has caused many historical buildings to exist in it.

All these factors have made Shiraz one of the main tourist destinations among Iranians. A trip to Shiraz requires planning since without it you will probably get confused among the many sights and tourist attractions of this city. In this article, we tried to tell you about the symbols and attractions of this beautiful city, so that you can plan to visit this city and enjoy its historical monuments and sights.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran Travel Agency? Please read things to do in Shiraz and Check out our Iran tours.

ecbatana iran

Ecbatana in Hamedan, Iran (Ruins, History, Map, Photos)

Did you know that Ecbatana was recently included in the World Heritage List by UNESCO? Ecbatana is an archeological city that was buried under the aesthetic city of Hamdan and is recorded as one of the oldest cities in Iran. The city of Hamadan bears several valuable works and monuments as well as mausoleums belonging to one of the most treasured historical figures of Iran.

Today, this picturesque city has become a touristic center for many visitors due to its historical and scenic locations. The Ecbatana ruins are more than 3000 years old and date back to the Medes period, 7th century BCE. Serving as an important city in the ancient past, Ecbatana cradled countless relics and history from the Medes Empire.

About Ecbatana Ancient City and How Old Is Ecbatana?

Ecbatana, also called Ecbatana Hill (because it is built over a hill), is among the national cultural heritages of Iran dating back to three thousand years ago. This historical city is situated in Hamedan city in the western region of Iran, at the end of Ekbatan Street and Ecbatana National Cultural Heritage and Tourism Base.

The size of the hill where Ecbatana stands is very large which is about 35 hectares. Therefore, it has taken the title of the widest ancient hill in Iran. During the excavations carried out in Hamedan’s Ecbatana Hill, highly significant historical works have been discovered at the world level.

Moreover, about 10 hectares of Ecbatana were privately owned by the citizens of Hamadan, which were later purchased by the government from 1968 to 1969. These sections were then joined with the rest of the city ruins as a tourist site.

Ecbatana Ruins

The ancient city of Ecbatana has a unique architecture and map, a huge water supply network, passages made of cobblestones and square bricks, a long fence, etc. Hence, visiting this city complex is definitely worth it for those interested in the history of this Middle Eastern region.

ecbatana ruins

Ancient Ecbatana Ruins

In the past, the city was the first chosen as the capital of Iran, and along with Athens in Greece, Rome in Italy, and Susa in Khuzestan, Ecbatana is among the few ancient cities in the world that are still standing.

What Is the Meaning of Ecbatana?

You might want to know what the other titles of the historical city of Ecbatana are and what Ecbatana (In Persian “Hegmataneh”) really means. Ecbatana and Hamadan both share the same meaning in terms of word etymology. The word translates to gathering or congregation because Ecabatana was the place for people to congregate.

In the stone inscriptions that remained in Bisotun during the reign of Darius I, Ecbatana was referred to as Hamgmatan in the ancient Persian language, “A-K-M-D-N” in the Elamite language, and “A-G-M-T-N” in the Akkadian language. The Greeks also called this historical city EcbatanaEgbatana, or Ekbatanis Partiorum. In Latin, this city is called Ahmet, in Aramaic Ahmetn and Hamtan, in Armenian Ekbatan, and in Middle Persian, it is called Hamadan.

History of the City of Ecbatana

Archaeologists believe that after the formation of the Median state, this place was a gathering place, and that is why it was called Ecbatana. This city was the capital of the Medes Empire, then it became the capital of the Achaemenid Empire. The city held remnants of the Medes people, Achaemenids, and the Parthian governments. Deioces, the first king of the Medes, made this city the capital of the government, and then he began building a strong and huge fortress. He built seven castles in such a way that the royal palace and the treasury were located in the seventh castle in Ecbatana.

In 550 BC, with the victory of Cyrus over Astyages, the last king of the Medes Empire, and his conquest, the Kingdom was transferred from the Medes to the Persians or the Achaemenids. Historians believe this place was also the capital and the treasury of the Persians.

What Did Alexander Do in Ecbatana?

The historical city of Ecbatana was also used during the Achaemenid period, and in fact, it was selected as the capital of the Achaemenid Empire. Although after the Achaemenids conquered the Medes, this ancient city never gained its former importance and glory. However, Ecbatana’s location on the royal road was a crucial place for the Achaemenians, and they also valued the settlements.

Ecbatana Iran Photos

Ecbatana Iran Photos

During the reign of Darius III of the Achaemenid dynasty, the war with Alexander the Great caused major damage to Ecbatana and turned it into ruins.

Ecbatana Reconstruction

Darius ordered to building of a very large palace in the center of the city. The palace had 300 hiding places for royal treasures and eight iron doors that protected them.

Ecbatana Architecture

After extensive excavations carried out in the historical city of Ecbatana, the remains of a large adobe clay architecture built with advanced architecture and precise engineering were discovered in the area. Ecbatana was constructed in the form of a large and colorful labyrinth-like palace on a hill with an area of ​​35 hectares.

Seven Colorful Castles

The complex is made of seven main castles with passageways connecting them together in the form of a maze. What is interesting about these connected castles is their purposes. For example, the seventh or innermost castle of the seven castles in the city was the king’s palace.

Archaeologists believe that Deioces, the first king of the Medes Empire, ordered the congresses of each of the castles to be painted with a special color, which created together a multicolored glorious city of Ecbatana. However, the colors have vanished since the city was buried underground for thousands of years.

hegmataneh

Hegmataneh Hill in Hamedan

In the writings of a Greek historian, the type of wood used in the construction of the palace is mentioned, and he described the palace as if it was covered with silver and gold. This Greek historian spoke highly of the beautiful decorations of the Ecbatana walls and carvings on the doors, columns, and porticoes.

Residential Structures

Next to these seven intricate castles with special engineering and architecture, there were residential units. Historians claim that the people of Medes asked their king, Deioces, to place their residence near the royal palace, so he ordered the construction of adobe residential buildings next to the castles.

These adobe structures include building units of 5.17×5.17 meters. Each of these units has a counter in front of a central hall, along with side rooms and two warehouses with a small space at the end.

Advanced Water Supply Network

Excavations have uncovered the remains of a completely advanced water supply network. The engineers had constructed this network in an intricate formation that had passageways with a width of more than 3.5 meters in the distance between the channels of water. The route of these passageways distributing water extended from the northeast to the southwest of the city, and the bottom of the passages were covered with identical square bricks.

From here, you can clearly see the intricacy of the Ecbatana map and architecture and the skills of the architects of that era.

Battle of Ecbatana

The Battle of Ecbatana was an important and fateful battle between the Seleucid Empire and the Parthians, also known as the Arsacid Empire, in 129 BC, which led to the victory of the Parthians. After the victory, the governorship of the Greeks in Iran had come to an end.

Ecbatana Museum

Ecbatana Museum, Hamedan

In order to regain the lost power of the Seleucids in the east, Antiochus VII asked for help from all his Greek allies and managed to form an army of 80,000 thousand people to attack the Parthian territory. This attack had bewildered the Parthian government. Antiochus VII was able to defeat the border forces of ancient Persia in two battles and succeeded in conquering parts of northwestern of the country. His forces advanced as far as Ecbatana.

Farhad II (Phraates II), the ruler of the Parthian Empire, offered peace to Antiochus and set some conditions for the Parthian government. This action gave him time to gather his army (which was much smaller than that of Antiochus). After the Parthian army was ready, he rejected all the conditions set by Antiochus and quickly went west. Farhad II took full advantage of the situation, and when Antiochus and his troops were going to suppress one of these rebellions, he attacked them just in time. Antiochus was killed along with his bodyguards during the battle, and the rest of his army were all killed and captured.

Ecbatana Museum

Between the years 1941 and 1946, a six-grades school was built near Ecbatana, which was then dedicated to the Archaeological Center in the 1950s to be used for archaeological and research purposes. After the discovery of valuable artifacts in the excavations of the historical city of Ecbatana, this school was altered into a museum for the preservation of these precious artifacts. Also, in 1993, the walls between the classrooms were removed to increase the space of the museum. When visiting the grand city of Ecbatana, the museum is also open for exhibition of the relics.

Final Word

Hamadan is one of the oldest Iranian cities, embracing the historical city of Ecbatana, which is one of the hidden gems of Iran. Although its construction is attributed to the Medes Empire, it also has valuable works from the Achaemenid and Parthian periods. The city boasts advanced water systems, architecture, and precise engineering, which include seven castles and residential units. If you are fond of ancient Persian history and culture, we recommend you visit Hamdan’s Ecbatana complex since it is truly one of a kind.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran travel agency? Check out our Iran tours. Read about more Things to Do in Hamedan.