Archive for category: Travel Blog

Iran has a great and diverse field in cinema. In the whole process of filmmaking, it’s no wonder how much of a great impact directors have on the movie and its result. Since we already know how great directors are and how much effort and time they have to put into filmmaking, we decided to introduce the top Iranian movie directors of all time. These directors had a great impact on Iranian and national cinema, reflecting specific aspects of Iranian cinema in their movies. See the top 10 Iranian movies directed by some of these directors.

Narges Abyar

Narges Abyar is an accomplished filmmaker and author whose works encompass both writing and directing. She started her career as a writer, penning novels and screenplays before switching to directing. Abyar is known for her insightful exploration of Iranian society, most notably through the perspective of women and children. Her directorial debut, “Objects in Mirror Are Closer than They Appear,” drew attention for its intimate portrayal of family dynamics and the impact of war on individuals. Her movie “Track 143” further solidified her position in Iranian cinema. She continued her success with “Breath,” a coming-of-age story that touched on themes of childhood, friendship, and social expectations.

Today, Narges Abyar is one of the greatest Iranian movie directors! Her success is inspirational for all young Iranian girls who want to become successful directors.

Saeed Roustayi

Saeed Roustayi is a talented filmmaker known for his compelling storytelling and impactful movies. He began his career working in the Iranian movie industry, gradually making a mark with his unique directing style. “Life and a Day” movie was his key to becoming a famous Iranian director. His dedication to shedding light on pertinent social themes continued with “Law of Tehran,” a crime thriller highlighting the battle against drug trafficking in Iran.

Through his movies, Saeed Roustayi has carved a niche for himself in the world of cinema, earning admiration for his thought-provoking narratives and his skill in portraying the human experience amidst social challenges.

Watch our Top 10 Iranian Movie Directors of All Times YouTube Video!

Reza Mirkarimi

Mirkarimi gained recognition for his movie “The Child and the Soldier,” which tells the story of a friendship between a young boy and a soldier during the Iran-Iraq war. His subsequent works, such as “So Close, So Far” and “A Cube of Sugar,” continued to showcase his talent for capturing human emotions and social complexities. His achievements include numerous awards and prizes at international film festivals, solidifying his position as a prominent figure in Iranian cinema.

Kamal Tabrizi

Kamal Tabrizi, one of the top 10 Iranian movie directors, is a prolific Iranian filmmaker. His career spans numerous successful movies, each showcasing his unique storytelling style and comedic prowess. Tabrizi’s movies are often celebrated for their humor and social commentary, offering a lighthearted yet thought-provoking look at Iranian society. Movies like “The Lizard” and “Leily Is with Me” established him as a master of satire, using humor to address social issues and norms. Tabrizi’s movies not only entertain but also provide a window into Iranian culture, resonating with audiences worldwide.

Masoud Kimiai

Masoud Kimiai was born in Tehran, Iran, on December 26, 1941. Kimiai’s career kicked off as an assistant director, and he soon transitioned to directing his own movies. Masoud Kimiai’s filmmaking journey began in the 1960s, contributing to the Iranian New Wave movement with movies that delved into the complexities of human nature and societal dilemmas. Movies like “The Deer” and “Qeysar” captured the attention of audiences with their raw portrayal of moral conflicts, justice, and everyday life struggles.

Dariush Mehrjui

Dariush Mehrjui is a revered figure in Iranian cinema, renowned for his significant contributions as a filmmaker, director, and screenwriter. Born in Tehran in 1939, Mehrjui began his cinematic journey in the 1960s and quickly became a leading force in the Iranian New Wave movement.

The Cow is a 1969 Iranian movie directed by Dariush Mehrjui, written by Gholam-Hossein Saedi based on his novel. “The Cow” gained international recognition and marked a departure from traditional Iranian cinema, exploring new narratives and techniques.

Mehrjui’s commitment to addressing complex themes and social issues continued in subsequent movies such as “The Cycle” and “The Pear Tree,” displaying his ability to blend artistic expression with thought-provoking storytelling.

Unfortunately, Dariush Mehrjooi and his wife experienced a tragic death and were murdered in October 2023. This heartbreaking incident left Iranian cinema in mourning forever.

Ali Hatami

Hatami’s directorial career took off with movies like “Haji Washington” and “Mother” in the 1970s, highlighting his ability to portray the complexities of Iranian society. Among his notable achievements is the iconic movie “Hezar Dastan,” a timeless tale that captivated audiences with its rich storytelling and beautiful cinematography. Hatami’s dedication to preserving Iranian culture and heritage through his movies earned him widespread recognition and admiration. Apart from directing, Hatami also contributed significantly as an actor and screenwriter, leaving a lasting impact on Iranian cinema. In addition, His daughter Leila Hatami is one of the Iranian iconic actresses of all time.

Majid Majidi

Majid Majidi, one of the top Iranian movie directors, was born on April 17, 1959, in Tehran. He began his filmmaking journey with a passion for portraying the human experience with depth and empathy.

His early works, including “Children of Heaven” and “The Color of Paradise,” changed Iranian cinema forever. Majidi’s movies often explore themes of innocence, resilience, and the human spirit, transcending cultural boundaries to touch the hearts of audiences worldwide.

Beyond his directorial achievements, Majidi’s impact extends to encouraging young talents and advocating for socially relevant storytelling. His cinematic legacy remains a beacon in the world of cinema, inspiring audiences and filmmakers alike with his artistry and his ability to capture the essence of humanity through his movies.

Asghar Farhadi

Asghar Farhadi, born in 1972 in Iran, is a renowned filmmaker celebrated for his powerful storytelling and insightful exploration of human relationships.

Farhadi gained international recognition with his movie “A Separation” in 2011, winning an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Following the success of “Separation,” Farhadi continued to captivate audiences with movies like “The Salesman” and “About Elly,” further solidifying his reputation as a master storyteller. His work consistently earns critical acclaim, earning numerous awards at prestigious Film Festivals Worldwide.

Farhadi’s ability to explore universal themes through culturally specific contexts resonates deeply with audiences globally, securing his place as one of the most influential filmmakers of our time.

Abbas Kiarostami

Among Iranian directors, Abbas Kiarostami has made some of the most outstanding movies that have been shown all over the world. Kiarostami’s cinematic journey began in the 1970s, and he quickly gained recognition with movies like “Where Is the Friend’s Home?” and “Close-Up.”

His movies often blurred the line between reality and fiction, exploring profound philosophical themes through simple yet deeply meaningful narratives.

Renowned for his minimalist approach and breathtaking cinematography, Kiarostami’s works, such as the Koker Trilogy (“Where Is the Friend’s Home?”, “And Life Goes On,” and “Through the Olive Trees”), mesmerized audiences with their introspective storytelling and sharp observations about life.

His impact on global cinema earned him numerous awards, including the prestigious Palme d’Or at the Cannes Film Festival for “Taste of Cherry.” Kiarostami’s commitment to pushing the boundaries of cinematic artistry and his ability to capture the human experience through a lens of poetic realism continue to inspire filmmakers and audiences around the world. While he passed away in 2016, his legacy remains a guiding light in the world of cinema, reminding us of the power of storytelling and the beauty of simplicity in filmmaking.

Last Words

Iran has many talented directors and actors, each of whom tries their hardest to reach the highest spot of their career and make their people proud. These were the top 10 Iranian movie directors. We should learn more about the fascinating directors who make incredible movies through so much hardship and effort. These top Iranian directors changed the world of Iran cinema and built up a whole new path for the next ones.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran travel agency? Check out our Iran tours and feel free to contact us.

Maybe you will find interesting cinemas in Iran. Take a look at the top 10 movies about Iran as well.

Due to the fact that music has always had a profound effect on the human spirit, it has had a special place in different societies. While every form of art influences human thoughts and emotions in its own way, music deserves the highest rank among the seven arts because of its immediate and profound impact. Throughout history, great composers, inspired by the melodies found in nature, have managed to create songs that have not been forgotten for centuries and continue influencing listeners. In addition to being influential, music is powerful enough to convey meaning to the extent that governments and the elderly, in various historical periods, have made attempts to silence it but have never succeeded. In this article, we are going to get to know the basics of Iran folk music and examine the most popular Iranian folk music instruments.

What Is Traditional Iranian Music Called?

Persian traditional music is usually referred to as “Iranian music” or “Iranian classical music.” This musical tradition, which has its roots in ancient Iranian civilization, includes a rich tapestry of melodies, rhythms, and poetic poems. It is characterized by the use of modal scales known as “Dastgah” and “Maqam,” which contribute to its distinctive tonality. The genre has evolved over the centuries, drawing inspiration from various historical influences and neighboring cultures. Iranian music acts as a cultural treasure that reflects the deep heritage and artistic expression of the Iranian people.

The Most Popular and Famous Traditional Iranian Instruments

Iran has so many famous and popular traditional instruments. Here we introduce you to the top 10 popular instruments of Iran.

1. Tar

The Tar is among the most renowned plucked string instruments in Iran, played with a plectrum. Besides being popular in Iran, the Tar is utilized in other Middle Eastern regions such as Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, and various areas near the Caucasus for performing traditional music. In the past, the Iranian Tar had five strings, and Gholamhossein Darvish or Darvish Khan added a sixth string, which is still in use today.

2. Setar

Setar is one of the traditional Iranian plucked string instruments that belong to the Tanbur family. Played with the index finger of the right hand, it has four strings. In the past, it had three strings, and the addition of the fourth string transformed it into the Setar we know today.

Known for its intimate sound, the Setar spans approximately three octaves in tonal range.

3. Dotar

Another beloved Iranian instrument is the Dotar, bearing striking similarities to the Setar. With a history dating back thousands of years, the Dotar is crafted with various patterns in different regions. It finds more popularity in places like Khorasan, Mazandaran, and Nishapur.

4. Tanbur

Tanbur, which is considered one of the oldest traditional instruments in Iran, has a significant place in mystical and classical music. The Tanbur has three strings and is played without the need for an artificial plectrum, using four fingers of the right hand with techniques like right, left, and shur strokes.

5. Oud

The Oud, or Barbat, is an Iranian and Middle Eastern plucked string instrument widely popular in North African and Arab countries. With a history spanning thousands of years, the Oud is played with a plastic plectrum and comes in various models chosen based on the musician’s taste and style.

6. Kamancheh

The Kamancheh is one of the most famous Iranian instruments, played with a bow, similar to a violin. It has a rich history and is commonly used in various Iranian musical regions. The larger version, known as Qichak-e Bam, even employs a violin bow.

7. Santur

The Santur is a widely used instrument in Iranian music. This hammered dulcimer has a trapezoidal shape and numerous strings, played with two wooden mallets.

The most common type, known as the 9/72 Santur, has 72 strings divided into four groups of four, helping to its distinctive sound.

8. Ney

The Ney, or Nay, is a seven-holed flute and one of Iran’s wind instruments. Categorized as a non-lipped flute, it does not require a reed. Ney players use various types of Ney with their preferred reeds in ensemble and solo performances.

9. Tonbak

The Tonbak is an Iranian goblet-shaped drum and is considered one of the main percussion instruments in traditional Iranian music. It plays a crucial role in accompanying other instruments and solo performances.

10. Daf

The Daf is a frame drum and one of the rhythmic cornerstones in Iranian music. With a wooden frame and skin, it is played with hands and fingers. The Daf is often used in Sufi music and traditional ensembles.

Various Performance Forms of Iranian Music

One of the wonders of Iranian music lies in its incredible diversity of performance styles, varying across regions and occasions. Musical expressions in different areas and traditional settings have always taken on distinct forms, each tailored to the specific context or type of event. For example, in the southern regions of Iran, a ceremony called “Zaar” is held, where music becomes an inseparable and irreplaceable element.

During Zaar ceremonies, a group of musicians guides an individual, often referred to as “Mama Zaar” or “Baba Zaar,” with utmost respect. As the musicians perform, the audience engages rhythmically, expressing their support through hand claps or body movements. According to the beliefs of the region, this participation is a form of assistance in the healing process for the individual for whom the Zaar ceremony is organized.

Similarly, in many northern and northwestern areas of the country, traditional music plays an important role in the joyous celebrations of the local people. The tunes and melodies of traditional music enhance the festive atmosphere, adding a colorful dimension to the cultural richness of these regions. This dynamic variation in musical expressions across Iran reflects the profound connection between music and local traditions.

The Most Famous Music of the Regions of Iran

Iran, as a vast country in the Middle East, has many famous regional music. Here is a brief description of each regional music of Iran:

Baluchi Music

Baluchi music, originating from the Balochistan region, features unique melodies and rhythms. It reflects the cultural richness of the Baloch people and often expresses themes of love, migration, and daily life.

Azerbaijani Turkish Music

Azerbaijani Turkish music, which is popular in the Azerbaijan region, is characterized by lively rhythms and vibrant melodies. It has a distinct identity within the broader context of Iranian music, influenced by the rich cultural tapestry of the region.

Bakhtiari Music

Bakhtiari music, which originates from the Bakhtiari region, is the embodiment of the tradition and heritage of the Bakhtiari people. The music is deeply rooted in the nomadic lifestyle, featuring both instrumental and vocal expressions.

Southern Iranian Music

Southern Iranian music, influenced by the Persian Gulf and its coastal communities, is characterized by rhythmic beats and lively tunes. It often incorporates traditional instruments such as the Oud and reflects the vibrant culture of the southern regions.

Gilaki Music

Gilaki music hails from the Gilan region and showcases the unique musical traditions of the Gilaki people. With its distinct melodies and poetic lyrics, Gilaki music is an essential part of the cultural identity of the region.

Khorasani Music

Khorasani music, originating from the Khorasan region, has a diverse range of melodies. It reflects the history and cultural diversity of the area, often featuring traditional instruments like the Dotar and Ney.

Qazvini Music

Qazvini music represents the musical heritage of the Qazvin region. Known for its melodic intricacies, Qazvini music often incorporates local instruments and reflects the historical influences on the area.

Kurdish Music

Kurdish music is deeply rooted in the Kurdish cultural identity, featuring a range of emotions and themes. The music often tells stories of struggle, love, and the Kurdish way of life, with traditional instruments such as the Tanbur and Kamancheh.

Mazandarani Music

Originating from the Mazandaran region, Mazandarani music is characterized by lively and joyful melodies. It often features traditional instruments such as the Daf and Kamancheh, reflecting the spirited nature of the Mazandarani people.

Lorestan Music

Loristan music reflects the cultural heritage of the Lur people, with distinctive melodies and rhythms. Often performed during celebrations and gatherings, Lorestan music adds a unique flavor to the musical landscape of Iran.

Namdari Music

Namdari music, prevalent in coastal regions such as Bandar Abbas, reflects the lifestyle of the Persian Gulf communities. With its unique rhythms and instruments, Namdari music adds a distinct maritime flavor to Iranian music.

Hamadani Music

Hailing from the Hamadan region, Hamadani music features traditional instruments and melodies that showcase the cultural heritage of the area. It adds a unique musical voice to the diverse tapestry of Iranian music.

Dezful Music

Dezful music, rooted in the city of Dezful, reflects the cultural traditions of the region. Often incorporating local instruments, Dezful music contributes to the vibrant musical mosaic of Iran.

The Most Famous Musicians of Ancient Iran

In ancient Iran, several famous musicians left a lasting impact on the country’s musical landscape. One such prominent figure is Barbod, a prized musician during the Sassanian Empire (224–651 AD). Barbod was not only a skilled instrument player but also a prominent music theorist. His contributions to the development of musical notation and the creation of various musical instruments earned him a prominent place in Iranian music history.

Another famous figure of ancient Iran is Nakisa, a legendary musician believed to have lived during the Achaemenid Empire (550-330 BC). Nakisa was not only a skilled harpist but also a revered vocalist. Her musical talents are said to have won the hearts of kings and contributed to her reputation as one of the most influential musicians of his time. These ancient musicians, such as Barbod and Nakisa, laid the groundwork for rich musical traditions that have continued to flourish throughout Iranian history.

Listen to some of the Iranian folk music on our YouTube channel!

Another respected musician of ancient Iran is Farabi, who is also known as Al-Farabi in the Islamic world. Farabi, who lived during the Golden Age of Islam (872-950 AD), was a multi-talented individual who contributed significantly to various fields, including philosophy, music theory, and science. His work in music theory, especially “Kitab al-Musiqi al-Kabir” (The Great Book of Music), became a cornerstone of understanding the principles of music.

Iranian Folk Music Songs List

Iranian folk music has a diverse array of songs, each carrying its own unique charm and cultural significance. While there are countless Iranian folk music songs, here is a list of some famous Persian folk songs:

1. “Morgh-e Sahar” (The Morning Bird): A classic Persian folk song expressing themes of love and passion, often performed by various artists.
2. Bālūchī Folk Song: The Balochi people, with their distinct cultural heritage, contribute to Iranian folk music with unique songs that capture the spirit of the Balochistan region.
3. “Ey Iran” (Oh Iran): An iconic patriotic folk song that celebrates the beauty and history of Iran, often considered an unofficial national anthem.
4. “Hamdel” (Companion): A traditional folk song expressing the theme of companionship and camaraderie, often performed with heartfelt emotion.
5. “Chaharmezrab”: A lively instrumental piece commonly played on traditional Iranian string instruments, showcasing the country’s musical prowess.
6. “Jodai” (Farewell): A poignant folk song expressing themes of farewell and departure, showing the bittersweet essence of parting.
7. “Dastgah-e Shur”: A traditional musical composition in the Shur mode, showcasing the intricate melodic structures and improvisational elements of Iranian folk music.
8. “Mastom, Mastom” (I Am Drunk, I Am Drunk): A spirited folk song often performed during celebrations and festive occasions, celebrating the joy of life.
9. “Gol-e Sangam” (My Stone Flower): A love ballad with poetic lyrics comparing the beloved to a precious stone flower.
10. “Zarbi-e Bandari”: A rhythmic and lively folk song from the southern coastal regions of Iran, accompanied by traditional Bandari dance movements.

Final Word

In the end, Persian folk music is a testimony of Iran’s rich cultural heritage, whose roots are deep in history. From the soulful melodies of ancient musicians such as Barbod and Nakisa to the scientific contributions of Farabi in the Golden Age of Islam, the tapestry of Iranian music has flourished. The diverse array of traditional instruments, countless regional performance forms, and outstanding musicians from ancient times have collectively formed a musical tradition that is both living and enduring.

Today, Iranian folk music continues to fascinate the audience with its deep melodies that show the cultural diversity and historical depth of this ancient land. Not only as an art form but also as a living expression of Iran’s rich heritage, it connects generations and preserves the unique musical heritage of this outstanding country.

Are you planning to travel to Iran and looking for an Iran travel agency? Check out our Iran tours. Find out where to hear traditional Iranian music.